SynthesisJournal of patient-reported outcomes2024
Can the different versions of the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure be used to measure burnout among healthcare professionals? A systematic review of psychometric properties.
Synthesis in Journal of patient-reported outcomes, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Chronic stress in relation to clinical burnout: an integrative scoping review of definitions and measurement approaches.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Pooled it
- Psychosocial work environment and health among ambulance clinicians in northern Sweden.Discover mental health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe prevalence of Occupational Burnout is high among healthcare professionals (HCP). Hence, it is crucial to have robust measures for ascertaining burnout in this population. The Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure is a prevalent tool used in the diagnosis of burnout, and in the delivery planning of mental health services. The 14-item Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure (SMBM) was developed after a methodological revision of the 22-item Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire (SMBQ). Studies on the psychometric properties of the SMBM and SMBQ exist, but there remains a need for thorough evaluation to assess the methodological quality of individual studies. To address this gap, this systematic review aimed to critically appraise the measurement properties of the different versions of the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure/Questionnaire (SMBM/Q) used among healthcare professionals. METHODOLOGY: Four databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and Scopus) were searched for studies on the psychometric properties of all versions of the SMBM/Q among HCP. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using the COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist. Evidence supporting the measurement properties (EMP) of the SMBM was synthesized using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.
resultsOur final pool consisted of five research articles. One study on the 12-item SMBM was included to estimate content validity, two studies reported on the 14-item SMBM, while the other two employed the 22-item version. Interestingly, each study used the SMBM in a different language, namely English/Hebrew, Chinese, French, Serbian, and Swedish. Structural validity, internal consistency, and construct validity are the SMBM's most assessed measurement properties. The Hebrew and French versions demonstrated high levels of structural validity and internal consistency, and the remaining reports on validity demonstrated low levels due to methodological flaws.
conclusionsPer COSMIN guidelines, the SMBM should not be utilized for clinical purposes due to insufficient content validity, but has promising potential with ongoing research. Engaging critical stakeholders for concept elicitation will ensure the relevance, comprehensiveness, and comprehensibility of the PRO items. Likewise, establishing an MIC will allow capturing change over time, which will benefit longitudinal experimental studies. Occupational burnout is a significant problem among healthcare professionals, and it is crucial to have a reliable tool to measure it. The Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure (SMBM) is commonly used to diagnose burnout and plan mental health services. Studies on the psychometric properties of the SMBM exist, but there remains a need for thorough evaluation to assess the methodological quality of individual studies. To address this gap, this systematic review critically appraised the measurement properties of the different versions of the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure (SMBM) used among healthcare professionals. Our findings indicate that only a few studies have examined the SMBM, and they have used the tool in different languages. Structural validity, internal consistency, and construct validity are the SMBM's most assessed measurement properties. We recommend that more research is needed to assess the content validity of the SMBM. We also suggest that critical stakeholders should be involved in the development of the SMBM to ensure that it is relevant, comprehensive, and understandable.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.