Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39324144›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2024

Alterations in the plasma proteome persist ten months after recovery from mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Julio A Huapaya, Salina Gairhe, Shreya Kanth, Xin Tian, Cumhur Y Demirkale, David Regenold, Jian Sun, Nicolas F Lynch, Renjie Luo, Alisa Forsberg and 14 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Observational
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Julio A HuapayaCritical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Salina GairheCritical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Shreya KanthCritical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Xin TianOffice of Biostatistics Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood, Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Cumhur Y DemirkaleCritical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
David RegenoldLaboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Jian SunNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Nicolas F LynchLaboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Renjie LuoOffice of Biostatistics Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood, Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Alisa ForsbergLaboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Robin DewarVirus Isolation and Serology Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD, United States.
Tauseef RehmanVirus Isolation and Serology Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD, United States.
Willy LiPharmacy Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Janell KrackPharmacy Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Janaki KuruppuCritical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Etsubdink A AboyeMedstar Heart and Vascular Institute, Medstar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, United States.
Christopher BarnettMedstar Heart and Vascular Institute, Medstar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, United States.
Jeffrey R StrichCritical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Richard DaveyLaboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Richard ChildsLaboratory of Transplantation Immunotherapy, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Daniel ChertowCritical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Joseph A KovacsCritical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Parizad Torabi-PariziCritical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Anthony F SuffrediniCritical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Limited data are available describing the effects of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections on the plasma proteome. Methods: PCR-positive SARS-CoV-2 patients, enrolled in a natural history study, underwent analysis of the plasma proteome. A prospective cohort of 66 unvaccinated and 24 vaccinated persons with different degrees of infection severity were evaluated acutely (within 40 days of symptom onset), and at three and ten months. Comparisons based on vaccination status alone and unsupervised hierarchical clustering were performed. A second cohort of vaccinated Omicron patients were evaluated acutely and at ten months. Results: Acutely, unvaccinated patients manifested overexpression of proteins involved in immune and inflammatory responses, while vaccinated patients exhibited adaptive immune responses without significant inflammation. At three and ten months, only unvaccinated patients had diminished but sustained inflammatory (C3b, CCL15, IL17RE) and immune responses (DEFA5,TREM1). Both groups had underexpression of pathways essential for cellular function, signaling, and angiogenesis (AKT1, MAPK14, HSPB1) across phases. Unsupervised clustering, based on protein expression, identified four groups of patients with variable vaccination rates demonstrating that additional clinical factors influence the plasma proteome. The proteome of vaccinated Omicron patients did not differ from vaccinated pre-Omicron patients. Conclusions: Vaccination attenuates the inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 infection across phases. However, at ten months after symptom onset, changes in the plasma proteome persist in both vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals, which may be relevant to post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections associated with post-acute infection syndromes.

Indexed as

COVID-19ProteomeSARS-CoV-2AdultAgedBlood ProteinsCOVID-19 VaccinesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesSeverity of Illness IndexVaccinationBlood ProteinsCOVID-19 VaccinesProteomebreakthrough infectionsinflammationpost-acute sequelaeproteomicsSARS-CoV-2vaccination

Identifiers

PMID39324144
PMCPMC11422241

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.