ArticleJournal of the American College of Cardiology2024
Quantifying Triglyceride-Rich Lipoprotein Atherogenicity, Associations With Inflammation, and Implications for Risk Assessment Using Non-HDL Cholesterol.
Article in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Non-HDL-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Pooled it
- The effect of DASH diet on components of metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Review
- Non-traditional lipid-inflammatory parameters estimate the risk of stroke in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a nationwide prospective cohort study.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins and ASCVD: Evidence for Causality and Challenges in Therapeutic Translation.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Risk-weighted apoB: a novel summary metric outperforming traditional lipid biomarkers in predicting coronary heart disease.European heart journal · 2026Article
- Composition and Characterization of the Different Lipoproteins in Overweight/Obese Children vs. Normal-Weight Children.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Triglyceride-Rich Lipoprotein Metabolism and Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes: Bedside to Bench to Bedside.Circulation research · 2026Review
- Article
- Hepatic Lipoprotein Production, Cardiometabolic Phenotypes, and Subtypes of Steatotic Liver Disease.Circulation research · 2026Review
- Association of triglyceride-driven residual atherosclerotic risk with carotid stiffening assessed using ultrafast ultrasound imaging in individuals with hypertriglyceridemia.Ultrasonography (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Significant correlations between blood lipids, cytokines, and C-reactive protein in healthy humans.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Associations of cumulative exposure and dynamic trajectories of the triglyceride-total cholesterol-body weight index with new-onset cardiometabolic multimorbidity in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: evidence from a nationwide prospective cohort study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Lipoprotein(a), apolipoprotein B and other lipid biomarkers in Asian healthcare workers.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Atherogenic Lipoprotein Burden, Metabolic Stress and Immune Activation Associated with Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients with Psoriasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins and Inflammation: Independent and Synergistic Roles in Cardiovascular Disease.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Reduced postprandial lipid accumulation in circulating monocytes by olezarsen attenuates pro-inflammatory changes in hypertriglyceridemic patients.European heart journal open · 2026Article
- Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, and risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Atherogenic index of plasma and cardiovascular high-risk status in the ChinaHEART luohe cohort: multivariable association modeling with nonlinear dose-response and effect heterogeneity.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Targeting Triglycerides: The Rise of Apolipoprotein C3 and Angiopoietin-Like Protein 3 Inhibitors.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTriglyceride-rich lipoproteins and remnants (TRL/remnants) have a causal, but not yet quantified, relationship with coronary heart disease (CHD): myocardial infarction plus revascularization.
objectivesThe authors sought to estimate TRL/remnant per-particle atherogenicity, investigate causal relationships with inflammation, and determine whether differences in the atherogenicity of TRL/remnants and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) impact the causal association of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) with CHD.
methodsSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (N = 1,357) identified by genome-wide association in the UK Biobank were ranked into 10 clusters according to the effect on TRL/remnant-C vs LDL-C. Mendelian randomization analysis was used to estimate for each SNP cluster CHD ORs per 10 mg/dL apolipoprotein B (apoB) and per 0.33 mmol/L non-HDL-cholesterol, and to evaluate association of TRL/remnants with biomarkers of systemic inflammation.
resultsSNPs in cluster 1 predominantly affected LDL-C, whereas SNPs in cluster 10 predominantly affected TRL/remnant-C. CHD risk per genetically predicted increase in apoB and in non-HDL-C rose across clusters. ORs per 10 mg/dL higher apoB was 1.15 (95% CI: 1.11-1.19) in cluster 1 vs 1.70 (95% CI: 1.52-1.90) in cluster 10. Comparing ORs between these TRL/remnant-predominant and LDL-predominant clusters, we estimated that TRL/remnants were at least 3.9 (95% CI: 2.8-5.4) times more atherogenic than LDL on a per-particle basis. For non-HDL-C, CHD ORs per 0.33 mmol/L rose from 1.15 (95% CI: 1.11-1.19) for cluster 1 to 1.40 (95% CI: 1.30-1.50) for cluster 10. TRL/remnants exhibited causal relationships with inflammation, but this did not explain their greater atherogenicity.
conclusionsTRL/remnants are about 4 times more atherogenic than LDL. Variation in the causal association of non-HDL-C with CHD indicates that adjustment for percentage TRL/remnant-C may be needed for accurate risk prediction.
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