ReviewActa orthopaedica et traumatologica turcica2024
A comprehensive review of scapulothoracic abnormal motion (STAM): evaluation, classification, and treatment strategies.
Review in Acta orthopaedica et traumatologica turcica, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Is it relevant to distinguish scapulothoracic abnormal motion (STAM) type in professional overhead athletes?JSES international · 2026Article
- Pectoralis major sternal head tendon transfer for neurogenic scapular winging: technique and case report.JSES reviews, reports, and techniques · 2026Article
- [Functional posterior shoulder instability: which treatment options work?]Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Outcomes of endoscopic, thoracic segment long thoracic nerve decompression.JSES reviews, reports, and techniques · 2026Article
- Does latissimus dorsi tendon transfer provide a normal scapular rhythm and external rotation strength in posterosuperior massive irreparable rotator cuff tears? A kinematic analysis in a retrospective cohort.Journal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology · 2026Article
- Maximal scapular protraction increases the safety distance of the spinal accessory nerve during lower trapezius tendon harvest: a cadaveric study.JSES international · 2026Article
- Comparing the effects of surgical and conservative treatment on scapular dyskinesis in minimally displaced midshaft clavicle fractures.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The term "dyskinesia" has often been used interchangeably with "winging," leading to ambiguity in the literature. To address this, the broader term "scapulothoracic abnormal motion (STAM)" was introduced to describe any abnormal position or movement of the scapula on the chest, resulting in pain and dysfunction. Scapulothoracic abnormal motion has a wide range of causes, including musculoskeletal imbalances such as pectoralis minor hyperactivity, neurological impairments such as long thoracic nerve palsy, and genetic conditions like facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). This review aims to identify the different causes and classifications of STAM and to propose a detailed treatment algorithm specifically designed to manage these conditions effectively.
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Registered trials
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