ReviewBJA open2024
Effect of neuromodulation for chronic pain on the autonomic nervous system: a systematic review.
Review in BJA open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Can Chronic Pain Accelerate Chronic Kidney Disease? Is Pain a Disease Modifier Rather than a Symptom?Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A Holistic and Dynamic Network-Level View of the Autonomic Nervous System.Annual review of biomedical engineering · 2026Review
- Resolving nanosecond kinetics of the optical membrane potential in pulsed electric fields.Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Misguided medical insurance and government policies in the opioid epidemic: A chart review and NARX score analysis.The International journal of risk & safety in medicine · 2026Article
- Rethinking Pain Assessment: Subjective Scales, Biomarkers, and Multimodal Integration.Journal of pain research · 2026Review
- A thermal cauterization therapy in dysmenorrhea pain management: A siddha case report.Bioinformation · 2026Article
- MHz compression of pulse packets facilitates remote focusing of electroporation.Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Compensatory Failure of Autonomic Regulation in Phantom Limb Pain and Its Correlation with Maladaptive Plasticity: A Cross-Sectional HRV Study in Amputees.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Functional coupling between chronic pain and the autonomic nervous system revealed by neuromodulation techniques. Response toBJA open · 2025Article
- Article
- Autonomic Balance Differences Through Heart Rate Variability Between Adults with and Without Chronic Low Back Pain.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the use of neuromodulation as an alternative treatment option for chronic pain. Neuromodulation techniques, such as spinal cord stimulation (SCS), dorsal root ganglion (DRG) stimulation, deep brain stimulation (DBS), and peripheral nerve stimulation, have shown promising results in the management of various chronic pain conditions and involve targeted modulation of neural activity to alleviate pain and restore functional capacity. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a crucial role in the regulation of various bodily functions including pain perception. However, the effects of neuromodulation on the ANS in the context of chronic pain remain poorly understood. This systematic review aimed to comprehensively assess the existing literature about the effects of neuromodulation on the ANS in chronic pain settings. Methods: Searches were conducted using four electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science). The study protocol was registered before initiation of the review process. The Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) Risk of Bias tool was used to evaluate risk of bias. Results: A total of 43 studies were included, of which only one was an animal study. Several studies have reported more than one outcome parameter in the same population of chronic pain patients. Cardiovascular parameters were the most frequently used outcomes. More specifically, 18 outcome parameters were revealed to evaluate the function of the ANS, namely heart rate variability ( Conclusions: There are indications that neuromodulation alters the ANS, supported by high or moderate confidence in the body of evidence, however, heterogeneity in ANS outcome measures drives towards inconclusive results. Further research is warranted to elucidate the indirect or direct mechanisms of action on the ANS, with a potential benefit for optimisation of patient selection for these interventions. Systematic review protocol: PROSPERO (CRD42021297287).
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Registered trials
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