Theory-Practice Gap During Clinical Learning: A Descriptive Qualitative Study of Nursing Students' Experiences and Perceptions.

Introduction: One of the main areas that contributes to clarifying the significance of nursing students' performance in the clinical context is clinical learning. However, the theory-practice gap has long been an issue for clinical learning for nursing students. This study sought to explore the experiences and perceptions of nursing student when applying theory into practice during their clinical learning. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted with 10 senior nursing students using face-to-face interviews. These interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a qualitative thematic analysis. Results: Three themes emerged upon analysis: academic contribution to the theory-practice gap, clinical environment contribution to the theory-practice gap, and effects of the theory-practice gap. Seven sub-themes emerged including educator contribution to the theory-practice gap, student contribution to the theory-practice gap, supporting facility contribution to the theory-practice gap, clinical instructor contribution to the theory-practice gap, clinical field contribution to the theory-practice gap, effects of the theory-practice gap to the academic field and effect of the theory-practice gap to the clinical field. Conclusion: This study provides an overview of experiences and perceptions of nursing students on theory-practice gaps during clinical learning. Further research using in-depth focus group interviews in a wider population may provide more explanatory and useful information for nursing education to better manage learning process.