ArticleMaterials today. Bio2024
Delivery of extracellular vesicles loaded with immune checkpoint inhibitors for immunotherapeutic management of glioma.
Article in Materials today. Bio, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Engineered Extracellular Vesicles in Glioma Therapy: Recent Advances and Applications.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Mechanism of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicle miRNA hsa-let-7b-5p Targeting AP1S1 to Regulate M2 Macrophage Polarization.International journal of genomics · 2026Article
- Current Status and Evolution of Immunotherapy in Glioma Management.International journal of medical sciences · 2026Review
- The role and prospects of extracellular vesicles in advanced drug and vaccine delivery.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Antigen-Loaded and Calcium-Incorporated Chitosan Oligosaccharide Nanoparticles for Dendritic Cell Cross-Presentation and Immunotherapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Progress of research on engineered extracellular vesicles from different sources for disease treatment.Histology and histopathology · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicle-Based Strategies for Tumor Immunotherapy.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Targeted delivery of extracellular vesicles: the mechanisms, techniques and therapeutic applications.Molecular biomedicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glioma is a common primary malignant brain tumor with low survival rate. Immunotherapy with immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICI) can be a choice for glioma management, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are recognized as a potential drug delivery system for various disease management due to their enhanced barrier permeation ability and immunomodulatory effect. The aim of this study is to develop ICI-loaded EVs (ICI/EV) that have sufficient efficacy in managing glioma. Calcium phosphate particles (CaP) were used to stimulate the secretion of EVs from murine macrophage cells. CaP conditioning of cells showed an enhanced amount of EVs secretion and macrophage polarization toward a proinflammatory phenotype. The CaP-induced EVs were shown to polarize macrophages into proinflammatory phenotype
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.