Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39318145›Full record

ArticleInformatics for health & social care2024

Identifying biological markers and sociodemographic factors that influence the gap between phenotypic and chronological ages.

Daniele Pala, Jia Xu, Yuezhi Xie, Yuqin Zhang, Li Shen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Informatics for health & social care, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. An Exploration of Machine Learning Methods in Human Biomonitoring.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Daniele PalaDepartment of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5741-3349
Jia XuDepartment of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Yuezhi XieDepartment of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Yuqin ZhangDepartment of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Li ShenDepartment of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5443-0503

Funding

Technology Identification and Training CoreP30AG073105 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI DEMIRIS, GEORGE, KARLAWISH, JASON H · 2021 to 2025
$21.2M
Ultrascale Machine Learning to Empower Discovery in Alzheimers Disease BiobanksU01AG068057 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI Christos Davatzikos, Heng Huang · 2020 to 2026
$20.7M
Translational big data analytic approaches to advance drug repurposing for Alzheimer's diseaseR01AG071470 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI KIM, DOKYOON, NING, XIA · 2021 to 2025
$3.8M
NIA NIH HHS P30 AG073105NIA NIH HHS R01 AG071470NIA NIH HHS U01 AG068057
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe world's population is aging rapidly, leading to increased public health and economic burdens due to age-related cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Early risk detection is essential for prevention and to improve the quality of life in elderly individuals. Plus, health risks associated with aging are not directly tied to chronological age, but are also influenced by a combination of environmental exposures. Past research has introduced the concept of "Phenotypic Age," which combines age with biomarkers to estimate an individual's health risk.

methodsThis study explores which factors contribute most to the gap between chronological and phenotypic ages. We combined ten machine learning regression techniques applied to the NHANES dataset, containing demographic, laboratory and socioeconomic data from 41,474 patients, to identify the most important features. We then used clustering analysis and a mixed-effects model to stratify by sex, ethnicity, and education.

resultsWe identified 28 demographic, biological and environmental factors related to a significant gap between phenotypic and chronological ages. Stratifying for sex, education and ethnicity, we found statistically significant differences in the outcome distributions.

conclusionBy showing that health risk prevention should consider both biological and sociodemographic factors, we offer a new approach to predict aging rates and potentially improve targeted prevention strategies for age-related conditions.

Indexed as

AgingBiomarkersMachine LearningPhenotypeSociodemographic FactorsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysSex FactorsSocioeconomic FactorsBiomarkersAgingmachine learningmixed-effectsphenotypic ageregression

Identifiers

PMID39318145
PMCPMC11576235

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.