Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39316095›Full record

GuidelineEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging2025

Updated practice guideline for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Riemer H J A Slart, Marija Punda, Dalal S Ali, Alberto Bazzocchi, Oliver Bock, Pauline Camacho, John J Carey, Anita Colquhoun, Juliet Compston, Klaus Engelke and 18 more

Abstract readPractice GuidelineReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Guideline in European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
74citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

74 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  9. Menopausal hormone therapy and comprehensive postmenopausal care in gynecologic cancer survivors: A position paper from the FIGO Committee on Women at Menopausal Age.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026
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14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

28 authors.

Riemer H J A SlartMedical Imaging Centre, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging (EB50), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, PO 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands. r.h.j.a.slart@umcg.nl.
Marija PundaDepartment of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, Vinogradska 29, Zagreb, Croatia.
Dalal S AliDepartment of Endocrinology, McMaster University, Hamilton, L8S 4L8, Canada.
Alberto BazzocchiDiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via G. C. Pupilli 1, Bologna, 40136, Italy.
Oliver BockDepartment of Osteoporosis, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Switzerland, IG Osteoporose, Bern, Switzerland.
Pauline CamachoLoyola University Medical Center (LUMC), 2160 S 1st Ave, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
John J CareyUniversity of Galway, Galway, H91 V4AY, Ireland.
Anita ColquhounCentre for Osteoporosis & Bone Health, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Juliet CompstonCambridge Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, UK.
Klaus EngelkeDepartment of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physics, FAU University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
Paola A ErbaDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, Nuclear Medicine Unit, ASST Ospedale Papa Giovanni, University of Milan-Bicocca, Piazza, Bergamo, Italy.
Nicholas C HarveyMRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK.
Diane KruegerSchool of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Willem F LemsDepartment of Rheumatology, Amsterdam University Medical, Center, The Netherlands.
E Michael LewieckiNew Mexico Clinical Research & Osteoporosis Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA.
Sarah MorganThe UAB Osteoporosis Prevention and Treatment Clinic, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Al, USA.
Kendall F MoseleyDivision of Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Christopher O'BrienBrant Community Healthcare System, Brantford, ON, Canada.
Linda ProbynDepartment of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
Yumie RheeDepartment of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Bradford RichmondDiagnostic Radiology, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
John T SchousboePark Nicollet Clinic and HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Christopher ShuhartSwedish Bone Health and Osteoporosis Center, 1600 E Jefferson St Ste 300, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA.
Kate A WardMRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK.
Tim Van den WyngaertDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.
Jules Zhang-YinDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Clinique Sud Luxembourg, Vivalia, B-6700, Arlon, Belgium.
Aliya A KhanDepartment of Endocrinology, McMaster University, Hamilton, L8S 4L8, Canada.
International Working Group on DXA Best Practices

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_PC_21003Medical Research Council MC_UP_A620_1015Medical Research Council MC_UU_12011/2
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The introduction of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) technology in the 1980s revolutionized the diagnosis, management and monitoring of osteoporosis, providing a clinical tool which is now available worldwide. However, DXA measurements are influenced by many technical factors, including the quality control procedures for the instrument, positioning of the patient, and approach to analysis. Reporting of DXA results may be confounded by factors such as selection of reference ranges for T-scores and Z-scores, as well as inadequate knowledge of current standards for interpretation. These points are addressed at length in many international guidelines but are not always easily assimilated by practising clinicians and technicians. Our aim in this report is to identify key elements pertaining to the use of DXA in clinical practice, considering both technical and clinical aspects. Here, we discuss technical aspects of DXA procedures, approaches to interpretation and integration into clinical practice, and the use of non-bone mineral density measurements, such as a vertebral fracture assessment, in clinical risk assessment.

Indexed as

Absorptiometry, PhotonBone DensityHumansOsteoporosisDual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)Practice guidelineProcedures

Identifiers

PMID39316095
PMCPMC11732917

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.