Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39312123›Full record

ArticleMacromolecular rapid communications2025

Zwitterionic Amino-Acid-Derived Polyacrylamides with a Betaine Twist - Synthesis and Characterization.

Jonas De Breuck, Valérie Jérôme, Ruth Freitag, Meike N Leiske

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Macromolecular rapid communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Biomacromolecules · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jonas De BreuckMacromolecular Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany.
Valérie JérômeProcess Biotechnology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany.
Ruth FreitagProcess Biotechnology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany.
Meike N LeiskeMacromolecular Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany.

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 535904448Fonds der Chemischen Industrie
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Amino-acid-derived polyzwitterions and polybetaines (PBs) are two promising alternatives to non-ionic polymers, for example, to increase tumor permeability. In this study, amino-acid-derived polyzwitterions are synthesized and a strategy to quarternize the amine in the side chain functional group is developed to combine the advantages of both types. The functional monomer is polymerized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization for which a kinetic study is performed. Further, the impact of the permanent positive charge on amino-acid-derived polyzwitterions is studied based on two zwitterionic polymers obtained via post-polymerization modification (PPM) of Poly(N-acryloxysuccinimide) to allow good comparison between methylated and non-methylated polymers. Circular dichroism shows that the stereocenter remains intact during PPM. pH titration and ζ-potential measurements show that the methylated polymer has a negative ζ-potential over the measured pH range and, therefore, the polymer remains zwitterionic over a broader pH range than its non-methylated equivalent. Both polymers are well tolerated by mammalian cells up to concentrations of 1 mg mL

Indexed as

Amino AcidsBetainePolymerizationAcrylic ResinsHumansHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMolecular StructurePolymersAcrylic ResinsAmino AcidsBetainePolymersamino acidbetainechiralitypost‐polymerization modificationRAFT‐polymerizationzwitterionic polymers

Identifiers

PMID39312123
PMCPMC11713866

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.