Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39310911›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2024

Cholera outbreak trends in Nigeria: policy recommendations and innovative approaches to prevention and treatment.

Stanley Eneh, Francisca Onukansi, Collins Anokwuru, Ogechi Ikhuoria, Gabriel Edeh, Sochima Obiekwe, Zakariya'u Dauda, Awoyemi Praise-God, Chizaramekpere Okpara

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Exploring the Impact of Traditional Practices onInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Stanley EnehCommunity Health Department, Obafemi Awolowo University, Osun, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Francisca OnukansiDepartment of Public Health, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo, Nigeria.
Collins AnokwuruDepartment of Public Health, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo, Nigeria.
Ogechi IkhuoriaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Gabriel EdehDepartment of Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.
Sochima ObiekweDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra, Nigeria.
Zakariya'u DaudaSchool of Medical Laboratory Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria.
Awoyemi Praise-GodFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Chizaramekpere OkparaDepartment of Public Health, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo, Nigeria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cholera, an acute diarrheal infection from ingesting contaminated food or water, remains a significant public health threat in Nigeria, especially in areas lacking safe water and sanitation. Characterized by severe watery diarrhea, cholera can cause dehydration and death if untreated. Historical data shows cholera's endemic nature in Nigeria, with notable outbreaks since 1970, including major ones in 1991, 1999, 2010, 2018, and 2024. According to a descriptive study in Nigeria, the 1991 outbreak reported 59,478 cases and 7,654 deaths, with a Case Fatality Ratio (CFR) of 12.9%. In 2010, there were 41,787 cases and 1,716 deaths, with a CFR of 4.1% across 18 states, mainly affecting impoverished communities and children. The 2018 outbreak had 43,996 cases and 836 deaths, with a CFR of 2% in 20 states, a 240% increase from 2017. By mid-2024, there were 1,579 suspected cases and 54 deaths (CFR 3.4%) in 32 states. This paper evaluates cholera trends in Nigeria and proposes effective preventive and treatment strategies. Policy recommendations highlight the need for improved WASH infrastructure, enhanced surveillance, and rapid response mechanisms. Innovative approaches like case-area targeted interventions (CATI) and increased public health education are crucial for mitigating future outbreaks and achieving the goal of reducing cholera deaths by 90% by 2030.

Indexed as

CholeraDisease OutbreaksHealth PolicyHumansNigeriaPublic HealthSanitationcholera controlcholera outbreakinnovative approachesNigeriapolicyprevention

Identifiers

PMID39310911
PMCPMC11412826

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.