ReviewCureus2024
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis: Unveiling the Potential Mechanisms Involved in Stress-Induced Alzheimer's Disease and Depression.
Review in Cureus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed.
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- The neuropsychological impact of early childhood trauma on cognitive development: A narrative review of mechanisms, outcomes, and interventions.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2026Review
- Multimorbidity Clusters and Depressive Symptom Networks in Old Age: Evidence From China.Psychiatry investigation · 2026Article
- The Impact of Overtraining on Anxiety-Like Behavior and Tight Junction Proteins of the Blood-Brain Barrier in Mice.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
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- PMiScience · 2026Review
- Effects of Combined Exercise Interventions on Cognition in Older Persons: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Terpenes as Potential Multi-Target Modulators of Chronic Stress-Induced Neuroendocrine-Immune Dysregulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Neuroinflammation, HPA Axis Dysregulation, Cytokine Activity and Nutritional Modulation in Depression: A PRISMA-compliant Systematic Review.Annals of neurosciences · 2026Review
- Vitamin D and Postpartum Depression: A Narrative Review.Clinics and practice · 2026Review
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- Neuroprotective Potential ofBiomolecules · 2026Article
- Alamandine attenuates stress-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and intestinal histopathological alterations in a chronic unpredictable mild stress model of depression.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis plays a pivotal role in the body's response to stress, orchestrating the release of glucocorticoids. In chronic scenarios, these glucocorticoids contribute to various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and depression. This abstract explores the potential mechanisms through which HPA axis dysregulation links stress-induced pathways to the pathogenesis of AD and subsequent depression. Chronic stress triggers prolonged HPA axis activation, resulting in elevated cortisol levels, which can lead to hippocampal atrophy, synaptic dysfunction, and neuroinflammation, recognized as key pathological features of AD. These alterations impair cognitive function and may exacerbate amyloid-beta plaque formation and tau hyperphosphorylation, hallmarks of AD. Concurrently, persistent cortisol elevation affects the prefrontal cortex and limbic structures, contributing to depressive symptoms. The interplay between chronic stress, HPA axis dysregulation, and neuroinflammation is crucial in understanding the comorbidity of AD and depression. Unveiling these mechanisms provides insights into potential therapeutic targets aimed at modulating the HPA axis and reducing stress-induced neurodegeneration, offering a dual benefit in managing both AD and depression. Further research is essential to elucidate the precise molecular pathways and develop effective interventions to mitigate the impact of chronic stress on brain health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.