Performance of ChatGPT 4.0 on Japan's National Physical Therapist Examination: A Comprehensive Analysis of Text and Visual Question Handling.

introductionChatGPT 4.0, a large-scale language model (LLM) developed by OpenAI, has demonstrated the capability to pass Japan's national medical examination and other medical assessments. However, the impact of imaging-based questions and different question types on its performance has not been thoroughly examined. This study evaluated ChatGPT 4.0's performance on Japan's national examination for physical therapists, particularly its ability to handle complex questions involving images and tables. The study also assessed the model's potential in the field of rehabilitation and its performance with Japanese language inputs.

methodsThe evaluation utilized 1,000 questions from the 54 ANALYSIS: ChatGPT's performance was evaluated based on accuracy rates using various criteria: general and practical questions were analyzed with Fisher's exact test, A-type (single correct answer) and X2-type (two correct answers) questions, text-only questions versus questions with images and tables, and different question lengths using Student's t-test.

resultsChatGPT 4.0 met the passing criteria with an overall accuracy of 73.4%. The accuracy rates for general and practical questions were 80.1% and 46.6%, respectively. No significant difference was found between the accuracy rates for A-type (74.3%) and X2-type (67.4%) questions. However, a significant difference was observed between the accuracy rates for text-only questions (80.5%) and questions with images and tables (35.4%). DISCUSSION: The results indicate that ChatGPT 4.0 satisfies the passing criteria for the national exam and demonstrates adequate knowledge and application skills. However, its performance on practical questions and those with images and tables is lower, indicating areas for improvement. The effective handling of Japanese inputs suggests its potential use in non-English-speaking regions.

conclusionChatGPT 4.0 can pass the national examination for physical therapists, particularly with text-based questions. However, improvements are needed for specialized practical questions and those involving images and tables. The model shows promise for supporting clinical rehabilitation and medical education in Japanese-speaking contexts, though further enhancements are required for a comprehensive application.