ArticlePhotoacoustics2024
In vivo spatiotemporal characterizing diverse body transportation of optical labeled high immunity aluminium adjuvants with photoacoustic tomography.
Article in Photoacoustics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Linking Adjuvant Immune Stimulation to Spatiotemporal Dynamics via Cross-Scale Photoacoustic Microscopy.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2026Article
- Nanoengineered Macrophages for in vivo Three-Dimensional Photoacoustic Imaging and Immunotherapy of Acute Lung Injury.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vaccine development requires high-resolution, in situ, and visual adjuvant technology. To address this need, this work proposed a novel adjuvant labeling that involved indocyanine green (ICG) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) with self-assembled aluminium adjuvant (Alum), which was called BSA@ICG@Alum. This compound exhibited excellent photoacoustic properties and has been confirmed its safety, biocompatibility, high antigen binding efficiency, and superior induction of immune response. Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) tracked the distribution of Alum in lymph nodes (LNs) and lymphatic vessels in real time after diverse injection modalities. The non-invasive imaging approach revealed that BSA@ICG@Alum was transported to the draining LNs 60 min after intramuscular injection and to distal LNs within 30 min after lymph node injection. In conclusion, PAT enabled real-time three-dimensional and quantitative visualization, thus offering a powerful tool for advancing vaccine design by providing critical insights into adjuvant transport and immune system activation.
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Registered trials
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