ArticleFrontiers in immunology2024
Suppression of overactivated immunity in the early stage is the key to improve the prognosis in severe burns.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Variation of Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Factors in Severe Burns: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Infections in Burn Patients: Pathophysiology, Prevention, and Contemporary Therapeutic Strategies in the Era of Antimicrobial Resistance.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Review
- Reversibility of Immune Dysfunction Following Pediatric Thermal Injury.Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association · 2026Article
- Microbiotherapy: an emerging adjunct for burn wound healing.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Transcriptomic insights into the mechanism of action of telomere-related biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Severe burns can lead to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) due to inflammation-immunity dysregulation. This study aimed to identify key immune-related molecules and potential drugs for immune regulation in severe burn treatment. Method: Microarray datasets GSE77791 and GSE37069 were analyzed to identify immune-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs), enriched pathways and prognosis-related genes. The DGIdb database was used to identify potentially clinically relevant small molecular drugs for hub DEGs. Hub DEGs were validated by total RNA from clinical blood samples through qPCR. The efficacy of drug candidates was tested in a severe burn mouse model. Pathologic staining was used to observe organ damage. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a and MCP-1 contents. Activation of the NF-κB inflammatory pathway was detected by western blotting. Transcriptome sequencing was used to observe inflammatory-immune responses in the lung. Results: A total of 113 immune-related DEGs were identified, and the presence of immune overactivation was confirmed in severe burns. S100A8 was not only significantly upregulated and identified to be prognosis-related among the hub DEGs but also exhibited an increasing trend in clinical blood samples. Methotrexate, which targets S100A8, as predicted by the DGIdb, significantly reduces transcription level of S100A8 and inflammatory cytokine content in blood, organ damage (lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys) and mortality in severely burned mice when combined with fluid resuscitation. The inflammatory-immune response was suppressed in the lungs. Conclusion: S100A8 with high transcription level in blood is a potential biomarker for poor severe burn prognosis. It suggested that methotrexate has a potential application in severe burn immunotherapy. Besides, it should be emphasized that fluid resuscitation is necessary for the function of methotrexate.
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