Testing the potential of entomopathogenic nematodes in attract-and-kill and autodissemination approaches in the control of Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni.

Sitaram Aryal, Geraldine Tilden, Markus Riegler

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Pest management science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Virulence and biocontrol potential of entomopathogenic nematodes against soil-dwelling stages of the small hive beetle under laboratory and semi-field conditions.Pest management science · 2025
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Sitaram AryalHawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4265-7663

Geraldine TildenHawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia.

Markus RieglerHawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia.

Funding

Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry's Strengthening Australia's Fruit Fly System Research Program; project: A national biocontrol program to manage pest fruit flies in Australia 4-EKSH327The Fresh and Secure Trade Alliance funded through the Hort Frontiers International Markets Fund, part of the Hort Frontiers strategic partnership initiative developed by Hort Innovation, with co-investment from the Department of Agriculture and Fisheries (Queensland), Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (South Australia), Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action (Victoria), Department of Tourism, Industry and Trade, Department of Primary Industries and Regions (Northern Territory), Department of Natural Resources and Environment (NSW), Queensland University of Technology, James Cook University, Western Sydney University, Australian Blueberry Growers' Association, GreenSkin Avocados, and contributions from the Australian Government and the strawberry and avocado R&D levy AM22000

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMany studies have demonstrated that tephritid fruit fly larvae are highly susceptible to entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) and may become infected as they enter the soil to pupate. However, the susceptibility of adult tephritids and their suitability as EPN targets have been less studied. We performed laboratory assays with 12 Australian EPN strains of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Heterorhabditis indica and Heterorhabditis zealandica in adults of the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni. Infective juveniles were delivered in a yeast hydrolysate solution that is attractive to flies. We also measured the flight ability of adults up to 3 days after treatment.

resultFlies that consumed the EPN-yeast preparation experienced 72.8-84% mortality. Between 33.5% and 46.2% of EPN-treated adults were still able to fly before death following treatment, mostly within the first day, thereby contributing to EPN dispersal. Another 31.9-39.9% of EPN-treated flies that were unable to fly died as a result of EPN treatment. Overall, >65% of flies that died following EPN treatment had visible signs of infection and EPN reproduction.

conclusionOur study is foundational to the development of attract-and-kill and autodissemination approaches involving EPNs in fruit fly control. Furthermore, H. indica and H. zealandica strains showed the highest potential as biocontrol agents against adult flies. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

Indexed as

Pest Control, BiologicalTephritidaeAnimalsLarvaRhabditidaRhabditoideaattract‐and‐killbiocontroldispersalTephritidaevirulenceyeast

Identifiers

PMID39305072

DOI10.1002/ps.8416

PMCPMC11632213

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.