Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39302929›Full record

ArticlePLOS global public health2024

"You have to stay in your house…because trouble can come": The impact of education, policy, and COVID-19 on menstruation experiences in Florence, Italy.

Meagan R DeMark, Grace A Khamis, Megan S Rach, Jaslin A Martinez, Andrea L DeMaria

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLOS global public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Meagan R DeMarkDepartment of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America.
Grace A KhamisDepartment of Biomedical Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9522-1571
Megan S RachSchool of Nursing, College of Health and Human Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America.
Jaslin A MartinezDepartment of Public Health, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America.
Andrea L DeMariaDepartment of Public Health, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Starting from menarche to menopause, menstruators have an overall negative view of menstruation, and there is a prevalent need for community awareness to increase regarding this topic. Menstruators in Italy and Europe arrive at menarche earlier than they have in previous decades, allowing less time for them to receive preparatory knowledge. Some European countries have started employing menstrual policies, yet current menstruation education minimally supports menstruators in terms of recognizing irregular symptoms and learning how to manage them. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic caused menstrual lifestyle patterns and experiences to be altered. The purpose of this study is to gain an understanding of menstruation-related education and policies accessible to menstruators and the impact COVID-19 had on menstruators. Researchers conducted 28 in-depth interviews in English with menstruators aged 18+ years who lived in or around Florence, Italy. All interviews were transcribed verbatim. Researchers used thematic analysis during coding to explore and understand participants' menstruation education at menarche, menstrual leave policy opinions, and how COVID-19 impacted their menstruation experiences and the availability of menstrual resources. Participants discussed varying timelines regarding when they were taught about menstruation. Their education sources varied between family, peers, personal experiences, and school. Most participants expressed enthusiastic feelings toward menstrual leave policies. Many participants reported having faced challenges accessing menstrual products during COVID-19. Most participants expressed having positive impacts, while few expressed negative impacts during COVID-19. Results found most menstruators learned about menstruation through their family before menarche but did not consider themselves prepared for their first cycle. The COVID-19 pandemic influenced many menstruators to adopt some lifestyle habits, shedding light on the varying opinions on the need for a menstrual leave policy. Revamped policies related to timing, education type, and personal leave should be considered.

Identifiers

PMID39302929
PMCPMC11414912

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.