Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39302566›Full record

ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2025

Intersectionality and the Association Between State-Level Structural Racism, Binge Alcohol Consumption, and Smoking Status Among Black Americans.

Nathaniel Woodard, James Butler, Debarchana Ghosh, Kerry M Green, Cheryl L Knott

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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nathaniel WoodardDepartment of Community Health and Health Behavior, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, 40 Goodyear Rd, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA. woodardn@buffalo.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-9860-5870
James ButlerDepartment of Behavioral and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, USA.
Debarchana GhoshDepartment of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
Kerry M GreenDepartment of Behavioral and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, USA.
Cheryl L KnottDepartment of Behavioral and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, USA.

Funding

Cancer Care Quality Training ProgramT32CA116339 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI ETHAN M. BASCH, Stephanie Brooke Wheeler · 2018 to 2026
$3.0M
Religion and Cancer-Related Behaviors In Black AmericansR01CA105202 · NCI · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI KNOTT, CHERYL L · 2006 to 2009
$998k
NCI NIH HHS R01CA105202NCI NIH HHS T32 CA116339
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundStructural racism is associated with alcohol and tobacco use among Black Americans. There is a need to understand how this relationship differs within varying groups of Black Americans. This study assessed the moderating roles of age, gender, and income in the association between structural racism and binge alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking status among Black Americans.

methodsA state-level index of structural racism was merged with data from a national probability sample of 1946 Black Americans. Hierarchical linear and logistic regression models tested associations between structural racism (measured by residential segregation, and economic, incarceration, and educational inequities) and binge alcohol use and smoking status among Black Americans by stratified by age, gender, and income. Moderating effects of age, gender, and income were tested using slope estimate comparisons.

resultsResults indicated statistically significant positive associations between incarceration disparities and binge drinking and smoking status among Black Americans below age 65. An inverse association was detected between education disparities and smoking status among Black Americans below age 65 and among higher-income Black Americans. Age, gender, and income were not significant moderators of these associations.

conclusionsAge, gender, and income do not moderate the association between state-level structural racism and binge alcohol or tobacco use behaviors among the current sample of Black Americans. IMPACT: Addressing structural racism may have implications for reducing participation in binge drinking and tobacco use behaviors among Black Americans, regardless of their age, gender, or income. This has implications for healthy equity and cancer prevention and control.

Indexed as

Binge DrinkingBlack or African AmericanRacismSmokingAdultAgedAge FactorsFemaleHumansIncomeMaleMiddle AgedUnited StatesYoung AdultAlcoholBlack or African AmericanStructural racismTobacco

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.