ArticleHepatoma research2022
Tumor microenvironment and immunology of cholangiocarcinoma.
Article in Hepatoma research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Decomposition-driven biomarker identification enhances non-invasive early cancer detection.iScience · 2026Article
- Targeting taurine metabolism via PROTAC-mediated SLC6A6 degradation potentiates photodynamic therapy and reverses immunosuppression in cholangiocarcinoma.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Article
- Prognostic Value of Baseline Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index in Advanced Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Treated with First-Line Gemcitabine-Cisplatin Plus PD-L1 Inhibitor: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Harnessing cellular immunotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma: an integrated roadmap for overcoming resistance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Advancements in intratumoral therapies for liver tumors.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Immune resistance in hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers: rethinking the tumor microenvironment beyond checkpoint blockade.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The role of cancer stem cells in the progression of colorectal cancer and the tumor microenvironment: new perspectives from single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics analyses.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Biological functions and molecular mechanisms of circHIPK3 in digestive system tumors.Human cell · 2025Review
- Investigation of the cytotoxic effects and mechanisms of the SLC39A6-targeting ADC drug BRY812 in CRC.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Metabolic collusion driving immune evasion in cholangiocarcinoma: unmasking the dual control of the immuno-metabolic microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Integrated transcriptomic analysis identifies lactylation-linked gemcitabine resistance and therapeutic targets in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), an aggressive tumor originating from both intra- and extra-hepatic biliary cells, represents an unmet need in liver oncology, as treatment remains largely unsatisfactory. A typical feature of CCA is the presence of a complex tumor microenvironment (TME) composed of neoplastic cells, a rich inflammatory infiltrate, and cancer-associated fibroblasts and desmoplastic matrix that makes it extremely chemoresistant to traditional chemotherapeutic drugs. In this review, we describe the cell populations within the TME, in particular those involved in the innate and adaptive immune response and how they interact with tumor cells and with matrix proteins. The TME is crucial for CCA to mount an immune escape response and is the battlefield where molecularly targeted therapies and immune therapy, particularly in combination, may actually prove their therapeutic value.
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