ArticleMMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report2024
Wastewater Surveillance for Influenza A Virus and H5 Subtype Concurrent with the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Outbreak in Cattle and Poultry and Associated Human Cases - United States, May 12-July 13, 2024.
Article in MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Wastewater Surveillance to Track Resurgent Measles Outbreak, Ontario, Canada, 2025.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Progress and Expansion of the National Wastewater Surveillance System, United States, 2020-2024.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Toward a quality-managed operational architecture for wastewater surveillance of zoonotic and emerging pathogens.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Review
- Wastewater-Based Epidemiology for Infectious Diseases: A New Trick for an Old Threat.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Multimodal Data Approaches for Examining the 2024-2025 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Outbreak in the United States: Descriptive Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2026Article
- Citywide indoor air sampling mirrors wastewater and clinical case surveillance of respiratory viruses.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Avian influenza and One Health: bridging animal and human health through integrated surveillance and vaccination.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Harnessing a Surface Water-Based Multifaceted Approach to Combat Zoonotic Viruses: A Rural Perspective from Bangladesh and China.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Viral Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for One Health Discovery and Surveillance of (Re)Emerging Viruses: A Deep Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Wastewater Measures of SARS-CoV-2 Accurately Predict Frequency of Symptomatic Infections in the Community.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Review
- Novel (d)PCR assays for influenza A(H5Nx) viruses clade 2.3.4.4b surveillance.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b in Cattle: A Rising One Health Concern.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Avian Influenza A (H5) in Wastewater, July 2024 to February 2025.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Operationalizing SARS-CoV-2 wastewater monitoring to assess traveler health in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.IJID regions · 2025Article
- Avian Influenza A(H5) Subtype in Wastewater - Oregon, September 15, 2021-July 11, 2024.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2025Article
- Article
- Coordinated One Health investigation and management of outbreaks in humans and animals caused by zoonotic avian influenza viruses.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2025Article
- Preparedness, prevention and control related to zoonotic avian influenza.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
57 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As part of the response to the highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus outbreak in U.S. cattle and poultry and the associated human cases, CDC and partners are monitoring influenza A virus levels and detection of the H5 subtype in wastewater. Among 48 states and the District of Columbia that performed influenza A testing of wastewater during May 12-July 13, 2024, a weekly average of 309 sites in 38 states had sufficient data for analysis, and 11 sites in four states reported high levels of influenza A virus. H5 subtype testing was conducted at 203 sites in 41 states, with H5 detections at 24 sites in nine states. For each detection or high level, CDC and state and local health departments evaluated data from other influenza surveillance systems and partnered with wastewater utilities and agriculture departments to investigate potential sources. Among the four states with high influenza A virus levels detected in wastewater, three states had corresponding evidence of human influenza activity from other influenza surveillance systems. Among the 24 sites with H5 detections, 15 identified animal sources within the sewershed or adjacent county, including eight milk-processing inputs. Data from these early investigations can help health officials optimize the use of wastewater surveillance during the upcoming respiratory illness season.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.