Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39295749›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2024

Disgust as a primary emotional system and its clinical relevance.

Alexey Tolchinsky, George F R Ellis, Michael Levin, Šárka Kaňková, Jeffrey S Burgdorf

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. The development and initial findings of a DISGUST scale.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Alexey TolchinskyProfessional Psychology Program, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States.
George F R EllisDepartment of Mathematics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Michael LevinAllen Discovery Center at Tufts University, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States.
Šárka KaňkováDepartment of Philosophy and History of Science, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.
Jeffrey S BurgdorfDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The Falk Center for Molecular Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper advocates for considering disgust as a primary emotional system within Panksepp's Affective Neuroscience framework, which has the potential to improve the efficacy of psychotherapy with obsessive-compulsive disorder, hypochondriasis, and emetophobia. In 2007, Toronchuk and Ellis provided comprehensive evidence that DISGUST system, as they defined it, matched all Panksepp's criteria for a primary emotional system. A debate ensued and was not unambiguously resolved. This paper is an attempt to resume this discussion and supplement it with the data that accumulated since then on DISGUST's relationship with the immune system and the role of DISGUST dysregulation in psychopathology. We hope that renewed research interest in DISGUST has the potential to improve clinical efficacy with hard-to-treat conditions.

Indexed as

active inferenceaffective neurosciencedisgustimmune systemOCDpsychopathologypsychotherapy

Identifiers

PMID39295749
PMCPMC11409098

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.