ArticleScience advances2024
The genetic legacy of the Quaternary ice ages for West Palearctic butterflies.
Article in Science advances, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Quaternary Ice Ages Shaped Protists Phylogeography: The Case of Arcellinida in the Iberian Peninsula.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- A New Challenge to Species Delimitation: Remarkable Genomic and Ecological Diversity in the Butterfly Melitaea diamina.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- Whole-genome analyses illuminate demographic history and lineage differentiation of polymorphic swallowtail butterfly Papilio bootes.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- DNA Barcode Reference Library for European Ants: A Roadmap for Phylogeography and Species Discovery.Molecular ecology resources · 2026Article
- Minor Allele Frequency Filtering Can Strongly Bias Uniqueness Estimates Within and Across Species.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- Genomic signatures of rapid local selection and introgression drive adaptive phylogeography in the European river skater.BMC biology · 2026Article
- Integrative analyses reveal the evolution of the Old World Swallowtail in the Palearctic.PloS one · 2026Article
- Diversification in the steppe rat snakePeerJ · 2026Article
- Co-Occurring Sister Taxa of Mountain Butterflies Exhibit Distinct Cuticular Hydrocarbon Profiles.Ecology and evolution · 2025Article
- Trans-Atlantic Dispersal and Introgression Explain Holarctic Disjunct Distributions in Vanessa Butterflies.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The interplay between geographic barriers and climatic oscillations over the past 2.6 million years structured genetic variation at the continental scale. The genetic legacy of the Quaternary ice ages (GLQ) hypothesis outlines this phenomenon for Europe, but a comprehensive data-driven assessment is lacking. Using innovative genetic landscape methods, we model the GLQ in the West Palearctic based on 31,653 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) sequences from 494 butterfly species and three functional traits. Seven distinct bioregions with varying levels of genetic endemicity emerge, revealing a latitudinal gradient in variation that confirms the "southern richness, northern purity" hypothesis. Through shift from case studies to a comparative approach, we objectively identify the main glacial refugia, colonization routes, and barriers to dispersal. Our findings offer a quantitative model of the GLQ across Europe, North Africa, and neighboring Asia, with broader applicability to other taxa and potentially scalable to encompass life on Earth.
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