ArticleFrontiers in cell and developmental biology2024
Regulation of TGF-β1-induced fibroblast differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells through the mutually antagonistic action of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 and 2.
Article in Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) differentiate into periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and cementoblasts. To identify inducers of PDL fibroblastic differentiation, monoclonal antibody series were developed a series of against membrane/extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules through decoy immunization. The anti-PDL13 antibody targets ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1), renowned for regulating skeletal and soft tissue mineralization. ENPP1 accumulates in the periodontal ligament region of tooth roots, and specifically localizes to the cell boundaries and elongated processes of the fibroblastic cells. As ENPP1 expression increases during fibroblastic differentiation, mineralization induced by tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), a pyrophosphate-degrading enzyme, is completely inhibited. This is consistent with ENPP1 and TNAP acting in opposition, and TGF-β1-induced ENPP1 expression creates an essential environment for PDL fibroblast differentiation. Representative fibroblastic differentiation markers decrease with endogenous ENPP1 inhibition by siRNA and antibody blocking. ENPP2 generates lipid signaling molecules. In contrast to ENPP1, ENPP2 disappears in TGF-β1-induced PDL fibroblasts. Ectopic expression of
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