ArticleEuropean journal of neurology2024
Global, regional, and national epidemiology of ischemic stroke from 1990 to 2021.
Article in European journal of neurology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Comparison of the efficacy and safety of different thrombolytic drugs in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke within 4.5 h: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Long-term causes of death in 888,003 ischemic stroke patients in Thailand: a nationwide retrospective study with 18-year follow-up.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- The burden of noncommunicable and injury-related nervous system disorders in the Americas, 1990-2023: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026Article
- Integrated analysis of single-cell transcriptome identifies a glial-neurovascular signaling trajectory in brain repair after ischemia.Biology direct · 2026Article
- Global Trends in the Burden of Ischemic Stroke Attributable to Diabetes Versus Atrial Fibrillation.Stroke · 2026Article
- Burden of stroke and its subtypes in young adults in Asia, 1990-2021: risk factors and future predictions.Stroke and vascular neurology · 2026Review
- C3aR inhibition alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via STING-mediated ferroptosis through SLC7A11/GPX4.iScience · 2026Article
- Article
- Machine-Learning-Based Evaluation of the Prognostic Significance of the Non-High-Density Lipoprotein to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio in Critical Ischemic Stroke.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Article
- An integrated investigation of systemic and localized pathophysiological mechanisms of stroke and multimodal therapeutic strategies.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2026Review
- Predictors of in-hospital case-fatality in patients with stroke at the National Hospital of the Kyrgyz Republic: a retrospective cohort study.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Reduced Posterior Occlusal Contacts Are Associated With an Increased Risk of Stroke: A Retrospective Study Based on a Japanese Claims Database.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Formative Evaluation of Safety and Usability of a Mixed-Reality Robot-Assisted Telerehabilitation System for Post-Stroke Upper-Limb Therapy.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Perivascular SPP1 Drives Microglial Synaptic Engulfment After Ischemic Stroke.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Neuroprotective potential ofVeterinary world · 2026Review
- Update, translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of Nottingham Stroke Dressing Assessment into Spanish.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein in Acute Ischemic Stroke.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Interferon-γ-Responsive Microglia-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Inhibited Neurogenesis After Stroke via MicroRNA-199a-5p/Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Gene Expression of JAK2, STAT3, miRNA-155, and miRNA-216a in Young Adults with Acute Ischemic Stroke.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
background and purposeThis study aims to examine the global, regional, and national burden of ischemic stroke from 1990 to 2021.
methodWe used data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database to comprehensively assess ischemic stroke indicators globally, regionally, and in 204 countries, including incidence, deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), estimated annual percentage change (EAPC), and Joinpoint regression analysis.
resultsIn 2021, there were a total of 7,804,449 cases of ischemic stroke globally (95% uncertainty interval = 6,719,760-8,943,692), with an age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of 92.39. This represents a declining trend compared to 1990, with an EAPC of -0.67 (95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.76 to -0.58). Mortality and DALY rates also showed a downward trend (EAPC in age-standardized mortality rate: -1.83, 95% CI = -1.92 to -1.74; EAPC in age-standardized DALY rate = -1.59, 95% CI = -1.68 to -1.50). The burden of ischemic stroke was inversely correlated with gross domestic product. Regionally, from 2014 to 2021, the Caribbean experienced the fastest increase in ASIR (annual percent change = 0.15, 95% CI = 0.13 to 0.18). Among 204 countries, North Macedonia had the highest incidence, mortality, and DALY rates. In addition to metabolic risks, particulate matter pollution and low temperatures were significant environmental and occupational risk factors for ischemic stroke. Smoking and a diet high in sodium were identified as key behavioral risk factors.
conclusionsIschemic stroke remains a serious global health challenge, and our results from this cross-sectional study suggest that the burden of disease remains high in Eastern Europe, East Asia, Central Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa.
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