ReviewMedical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research2024
Long COVID or Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (PASC) and the Urgent Need to Identify Diagnostic Biomarkers and Risk Factors.
Review in Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Post-COVID syndrome in Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh: a systematic narrative review of epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and healthcare system responses.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Vascular Complications of Long COVID-From Endothelial Dysfunction to Systemic Thrombosis: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Management of long COVID-19 in children and adolescents: from diagnosis to therapeutically approaches.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Medical invalidation is associated with structural barriers in postacute immune mediated syndromes based on patient perspectives in Germany.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Task-Evoked Pupillary Dynamics Are Altered in Post-COVID Syndrome.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Sex- and Age-Dependent Neuroimmune Dysregulation and Early Neurodegenerative Signatures Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Golden Syrian Hamsters.Research square · 2026Article
- Cognitive Trajectories After Hospitalization for COVID-19: A 36-Month Longitudinal Study.The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2026Article
- Editorial: Recently Identified Global Trends in Cancer Incidence and Mortality and Modifiable Cancer Risk Factors.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular burden of long coronavirus disease: Clinical challenges and emerging biomarkers.World journal of cardiology · 2026Review
- Bridging Gaps in Long COVID Therapy: A Review.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Virtual Pet-Assisted Therapy to Alleviate Symptoms of Long COVID: A Prospective Pilot Interventional Study.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Article
- Microbiome and Long COVID-19: Current Evidence and Insights.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Severe Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Long COVID: What Do We Know So Far? New Challenges in Diagnosis and Management.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) Expression and Activation in COVID-19 and Long COVID: From SARS-CoV-2 Escape Mechanisms to Emerging PRR-Targeted Immunotherapies.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Editorial: Dormant Cancer Cells, Cancer Progression, and Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 and Influenza.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Article
- Article
- Lights and Shadows of Long COVID: Are Latent Infections the Real Hidden Enemy?Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Long COVID, or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), also known as post-COVID-19 condition or post-COVID syndrome, can affect anyone infected with SARS-CoV-2, regardless of age or the severity of the initial symptoms of COVID-19. Long COVID/PASC is the continuation or development of new symptoms after three months from the initial SARS-CoV-2 infection, which lasts for at least two months and has no other identifiable cause. Long COVID/PASC occurs in 10-20% of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. The most common symptoms include fatigue, cognitive impairment (brain fog), and shortness of breath. However, more than 200 symptoms have been reported. No phenotypic or diagnostic biomarkers have been identified for developing long COVID/PASC, which is a multisystem disorder that can present with isolated or combined respiratory, hematological, immunological, cardiovascular, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. There is no cure. Therefore, individualized patient management requires a multidisciplinary clinical approach. Because millions of people have had and continue to have COVID-19, even in the era of vaccination and antiviral therapies, long COVID/PASC is now and will increasingly become a health and economic burden that the world must prepare for. Almost five years from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, this article aims to review what is currently known about long COVID/PASC, the anticipated increasing global health burden, and why there is still an urgent need to identify diagnostic biomarkers and risk factors to improve prevention and treatment.
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Registered trials
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