ReviewInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2024
Mathematical Models of Ocular Drug Delivery.
Review in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Safety of Long-Acting Intravitreal Hydrogels: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Intraocular Pressure and Retinal Integrity across Rabbit and Non-Human Primate Models.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Review
- Pharmacokinetic model for drug delivery by Ozurdex.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Recent Achievements and Perspectives in Nebulization Devices for Anterior Segment Disease Treatment.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Ion‑Responsive in situ Gel of Quercetin‑Loaded PEGylated Liposomes for Anti‑inflammatory Treatment of Dry Eye Disease.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Navigating the Core Challenges of Atropine Therapy in Myopia: A Mechanistic and Clinical Analysis of Dose, Response, and Durability.Journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Geometry-Based Intravitreal Pharmacokinetics: A Theoretical Pharmacokinetic Modeling Study Using Triamcinolone Acetonide and Vancomycin as Representative Intravitreal Agents.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Ocular gene therapy as a sustained drug delivery system: pharmacokinetic and genokinetic perspectives.Journal of medicine and life · 2025Review
- OBM1701 Alleviates Choroidal Neovascularization in Experimental Animals Via Suppressing the Expression of HIF-1α in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Mathematical Models of Topically and Intravitreally Applied Ranibizumab.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Quasi-3D Mechanistic Model for Predicting Eye Drop Distribution in the Human Tear Film.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Nanovesicular Drug Delivery Systems for Rare Ocular Diseases: Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2025Review
- A quantum-inspired neural fuzzy sliding mode control framework for fractional-order modeling of intraocular pressure regulation and optic nerve damage in glaucoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Advances and therapeutic opportunities in visual cycle modulation.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Drug delivery is an important factor for the success of ocular drug treatment. However, several physical, biochemical, and flow-related barriers limit drug exposure of anterior and posterior ocular target tissues during drug treatment via topical, subconjunctival, intravitreal, or systemic routes. Mathematical models encompass various barriers so that their joint influence on pharmacokinetics (PKs) can be simulated in an integrated fashion. The models are useful in predicting PKs and even pharmacodynamics (PDs) of administered drugs thereby fostering development of new drug molecules and drug delivery systems. Furthermore, the models are potentially useful in interspecies translation and probing of disease effects on PKs. In this review article, we introduce current modeling methods (noncompartmental analyses, compartmental and physiologically based PK models, and finite element models) in ocular PKs and related drug delivery. The roles of top-down models and bottom-up simulations are discussed. Furthermore, we present some future challenges, such as modeling of intra-tissue distribution, prediction of drug responses, quantitative systems pharmacology, and possibilities of artificial intelligence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.