ReviewObesity pillars2024
Glucagon-like Receptor-1 agonists for obesity: Weight loss outcomes, tolerability, side effects, and risks.
Review in Obesity pillars, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and risk of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Orforglipron in Obese Adults With or Without Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2025Pooled it
- Safety and tolerability of intranasal insulin in Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Trial
- A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial With Open-Label Extension of Sirona, a Hydrogel for Weight Loss.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Trial
- Use of Direct-to-Consumer Telemedicine: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Thoughts, Perspectives and Experiences of Australian Adults.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026Article
- Structural basis for small-molecule agonism at GCGR and GIPR via a conserved intracellular allosteric site.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Micronutrient risk with GLP-1 receptor and dual incretin agonists in obesity: Mechanistic pathways, clinical signals, and a monitoring framework.Obesity pillars · 2026Review
- Survodutide for Obesity in Chinese Adults: Phase 3 Randomized Trial Design and Baseline Characteristics (SYNCHRONIZE™-CN).Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026Article
- Role of Oral Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Weight Management for Individuals With Overweight or Obesity Without Diabetes: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Obesity science & practice · 2026Review
- Mapping the continuum of procedural bariatric care: real-world weight loss after endoscopic and surgical interventions.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Article
- Comparative Outcomes of GLP-1 Therapy vs. Bariatric Surgery in Patients with Cirrhosis.Obesity surgery · 2026Article
- Article
- Ocular complications associated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) - Clinical evidence and insights.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Receipt of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists among rural patients with obstructive sleep apnea and excess weight.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2026Article
- Dual Activation of GLP-1 and AMPK Pathways by a Multi-Botanical Formulation Improves Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunction in Experimental Models.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of orforglipron in obesity with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a GRADE-assessed meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Review
- Perceptions, attitudes, and experiences of GLP-1 receptor agonists for weight management in the United Kingdom: a cross-sectional survey study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Adiposity and cancer: epidemiology, mechanisms and future perspectives.Nature metabolism · 2026Review
- Review
- Dual activation of MC3R and MC4R drives weight loss and reduces food intake in male primates with obesity.Nature communications · 2026Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: This review investigates the side effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) like liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide, medications known for their efficacy in promoting weight loss among individuals with obesity. The rationale is rooted in understanding the balance between their therapeutic benefits and associated risks. Methods: This was a comprehensive clinical review, including systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and cohort studies. Data were extracted from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar, focusing on the tolerability, severity, and risks of these medications. Results: GLP-1RAs demonstrated significant weight loss outcomes. In clinical trials, liraglutide showed a placebo-corrected weight loss of around 5 %, semaglutide 12 %, and tirzepatide 18 %. Common side effects were predominantly gastrointestinal, including nausea, diarrhea, constipation, and vomiting. Rare serious adverse events included gallbladder disorders and acute pancreatitis. In, addition, multiple studies identify new risks associated with GLP-1RAs including increased aspiration risk during anesthesia due to delayed gastric emptying and challenges with bowel preparation for colonoscopies. Conclusion: While GLP-1RAs are effective in managing obesity, their use is associated with gastrointestinal side effects and rare but serious adverse events. The findings underscore the importance of individualized dosing and thorough patient assessment. Continuous research and vigilant monitoring are essential to optimize their safe use. Further studies are needed to refine guidelines, particularly regarding new concerns such as delayed gastric emptying and its implications for anesthesia.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.