ArticleBiological psychiatry2025
A Population-Based Multigenerational Family Coaggregation Study of Severe Infections and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
Article in Biological psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Proneness to infections and familial risk of tic disorders.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Infectious diseases and childhood disruptive behavior disorders: a reappraisal.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPostinfectious autoimmune processes have been proposed as potential causal risk factors for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In this large population-based study, we aimed to clarify the familial coaggregation pattern between severe infections and OCD across clusters of relatives with varying degrees of relatedness.
methodsWe identified 4,916,898 individuals born in Sweden between 1960 and 2008 and followed them until the end of 2020. Each individual was linked to their first-, second-, and third-degree relatives, including monozygotic and dizygotic twins, mothers, fathers, full siblings, maternal and paternal half siblings, aunts, uncles, and cousins. OCD and infection diagnoses from inpatient and specialized outpatient settings were retrieved from the Swedish National Patient Register. We compared the risk of OCD in relatives of probands with severe infections to those of probands without severe infections. Cox proportional hazard regression models, incorporating time-varying exposures, were used to estimate hazard ratios. Dose-response associations were examined using logistic regression models.
resultsRelatives of probands with severe infections had a higher risk of OCD, which increased with genetic relatedness, with hazard ratios (95% CI) ranging from 1.46 (1.07-1.98) in monozygotic twins to 1.10 (1.09-1.11) in cousins. The results remained robust after adjusting for severe infections among relatives, OCD in probands, and comorbid autoimmune disorders in both probands and relatives. A dose-response association was observed between the number of infections in the probands and their odds of OCD, as well as in their relatives.
conclusionsThe results strongly suggest that the association between severe infections and OCD may be largely driven by shared genetic factors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.