ReviewBrain, behavior, & immunity - health2024
Post traumatic stress disorder associated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation and physical illness.
Review in Brain, behavior, & immunity - health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Impact of War on Asthma, a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: An EAACI Task Force Report.Allergy · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of combat-related PTSD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Relationship Between Clusters of Multimorbidity and Dementia Risk: A Systematic Review.International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Psychological and biological long-term consequences of trauma in the Yazidi population displaced from Shingal after the genocide.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder: pathogenesis, epidemiological characteristics, animal models, and potential therapeutic strategies.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Positive association between sex hormones and inflammatory cytokines in trauma-exposed premenopausal women.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Allostatic and Circadian Drives in Patients with Bipolar Disorder in Depressive Episodes or with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Versus Healthy Controls: Neuroendocrine Comparison Through Cortisol and 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin Overnight Urine Excretion.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- An Examination into the Anti-stress and Anti-fatigue Effects of an Ashwagandha Extract (Ashwa.30™) in Stressed Adults: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled Trial.Advances in therapy · 2026Article
- Genetic evidence for a causal role of depression in late-onset Alzheimer disease: A Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Systemic Biomarker Alterations in Alcohol and Psychoactive Substance Users: A Cross-Sectional Study.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Hypothesis on PTSD Pathophysiology: Role of CRH, Noradrenaline, and Glucocorticoid Receptors in an Amygdala-Centered Closed-Loop System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- A minimal model of PTSD susceptibility and timescales.iScience · 2026Article
- Integrated proteomic and metabolomic analyses implicate redox-metabolic pathways in PTSD-associated multisystem disease and accelerated aging.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Stress, stress systems, and Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Comparative effects of voluntary and forced exercise on cognitive performance, thyroid function, and hippocampal integrity in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- ARHGAP39 plays an essential role in anxiety-like behavior and stress response.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- From classic circuits to novel mechanisms: How lncRNA, neuroinflammation, and iPSC models address the translational crisis in PTSD research.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026Review
- Development of the Yale pain stress test to elicit a multi-level stress response and assess stress adaptability.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder and cardiometabolic dysfunction: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets.iScience · 2026Review
- The Role of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder as a Risk Factor for Dementia: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Conventional human stress responses are mediated by the sympathetic adrenal medullar (SAM) axis and the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis. The SAM axis mediates the immediate response to stress through norepinephrine and epinephrine while the HPA axis mediates the slow response through corticosteroids, primarily cortisol, to effect systemic changes. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), a psychiatric disorder that develops in a small subset of people exposed to a traumatic event, may dysregulate these systems and result in increased risk of various clinical conditions. These conditions include but are not limited to cardiovascular disease, metabolic conditions, autoimmune diseases, neurocognitive disorders, and women's health complications such as preterm birth, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and endometriosis to name a few. This review focuses on how PTSD dysregulates the HPA axis, and further, how these alterations affect the immune system and physical health outcomes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.