Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39279966›Full record

ArticleJournal of gastrointestinal oncology2024

Discontinuation of immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study.

Liuyu Zhou, Yuhong Zhang, Jie Zheng, Minghao Ruan, Jin Zhang, Yao Li, Riming Jin, Dong Wu, Hanyong Sun, Jianjun Zhang and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of gastrointestinal oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Liuyu Zhou *School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
Yuhong Zhang *Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Jie Zheng *Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Minghao RuanThe First Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, the Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Jin ZhangThe First Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, the Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Yao LiThe First Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, the Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Riming JinThe First Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, the Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Dong WuThe First Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, the Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Hanyong SunDepartment of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Jianjun ZhangDepartment of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Ruoyu WangThe First Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, the Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0946-6881

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The optimal timing to discontinue immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with clinical benefits remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the outcomes of HCC patients after ICI discontinuation. Methods: Patients with HCC were retrospectively screened and those discontinued ICI therapy in the absence of progressive disease (PD) were included. Responses at discontinuation were evaluated per response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 and modified RECIST (mRECIST). Patients were classified into five subgroups according to the cause of discontinuation: complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) per RESICT version 1.1, adverse event (AE), or others. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) since ICI start or after ICI discontinuation were assessed. Results: A total of 66 patients were included. The median follow-up was 29.33 months. The median PFS since ICI start was 30.83 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 24.93-36.72], and the median OS was not reached. The median PFS after discontinuation was 20.6 months (95% CI: 7.63-33.56), and the median OS after discontinuation was not reached. Univariate analysis showed that age, treatment after discontinuation, Response (RECIST version 1.1) at discontinuation and modified response (mResponse per mRECIST) at discontinuation were significantly associated with PFS after discontinuation, while age and mResponse at discontinuation were significantly associated with OS after discontinuation. Multivariate analysis further demonstrated that mResponse at discontinuation and treatment after discontinuation were independently associated with PFS after discontinuation, while age was independently associated with OS after discontinuation. Conclusions: ICIs might be discontinued in HCC patients with a response of CR per mRECIST. Patients with a response of PR/SD per mRECIST or elder age could continue ICI therapy after achieving clinical benefits. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) maintenance therapy might help to prevent progression after ICI discontinuation.

Indexed as

discontinuationHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)programmed death protein 1 (PD-1)

Identifiers

PMID39279966
PMCPMC11399828

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.