Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39279431›Full record

ReviewClinical endocrinology2025

Is Early Menopause a Different Entity From Premature Ovarian Insufficiency?

Panagiotis Anagnostis, Irene Lambrinoudaki, Dimitrios G Goulis

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Hormone therapy (HT) in women with premature ovarian insufficiency or early menopause: Time to think of a new paradigm for healthy aging. A joint FIGO and IMS position paper.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. hnRNPA2B1 restrains granulosa cell ferroptosis by mJournal of ovarian research · 2025
    Article
  7. Bone Health for Gynaecologists.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Panagiotis AnagnostisUnit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-8949-4312
Irene Lambrinoudaki2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Dimitrios G GoulisUnit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Funding

The authors received no specific funding for this work.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI, defined as age at menopause < 40 years) affects 1%-3% of postmenopausal women. It is positively associated with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, fractures, cognitive impairment, and depression. Early menopause (EM, defined as age at menopause < 45 years) is also associated with these adverse health consequences, in most cases to the same degree as in POI. Therefore, a unifying term for EM and POI, such as 'premature menopause', may be proposed, using the age threshold of < 45 years. This could provide broader coverage of these women, substantiating the need for prompt administration of menopausal hormone therapy (in this case, 'hormone replacement therapy'). However, the benefits of this approach, which precludes a higher oestrogen dose up to the normal age of menopause, need to be proven in well-designed randomized controlled trials.

Indexed as

Menopause, PrematurePrimary Ovarian InsufficiencyAdultEstrogen Replacement TherapyFemaleHumansMenopauseMiddle Agedcardiovascular diseasedementiaearly menopausefractureshormone replacement therapypremature ovarian insufficiency

Identifiers

PMID39279431
PMCPMC11612536

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.