Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39278647›Full record

SynthesisActa obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica2025

Prevalence of obstetric violence in high-income countries: A systematic review of mixed studies and meta-analysis of quantitative studies.

Laura Katrina Fraser, Naomi Cano-Ibáñez, Carmen Amezcua-Prieto, Khalid Saeed Khan, Ronald F Lamont, Jan Stener Jørgensen

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Midwives' lived experiences of obstetric violence: a hermeneutic phenomenological study.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2026
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  9. Disrespectful Maternity Care and Postpartum Depression at 2 Months: A Population-Based Study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Laura Katrina FraserDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sygehus Sønderjylland, Aabenraa, Denmark.
Naomi Cano-IbáñezDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, Spain.
Carmen Amezcua-PrietoDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-0957-4057
Khalid Saeed KhanDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-5084-7312
Ronald F LamontDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Southern Denmark, Institute of Clinical Research, Research Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Odense, Denmark.
Jan Stener JørgensenDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sygehus Sønderjylland, Aabenraa, Denmark.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionObstetric violence, or mistreatment of women in obstetric care, can have severe consequences such as fear of future childbirth, post-traumatic stress disorder, and depression. MATERIAL AND

methodsThe primary objective was to estimate the prevalence of obstetric violence in high-income countries. The secondary objective was to extract the main domains of obstetric violence perceived by women from qualitative studies. Following prospective registration (PROSPERO CRD42023468570), PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched with no restrictions. Included studies were cross-sectional, cohort, mixed methods, and qualitative studies based on populations from high-income countries. The review was conducted by two independent reviewers. Risk of bias was assessed. Rates of obstetric violence were pooled using random effects model, computing 95% confidence intervals (CI) and assessing heterogeneity using I

resultsOf the 1821 records screened, 25 studies were included: 14 quantitative and 2 mixed methods studies, comprising 60 987 women, and 9 qualitative studies were included, comprising an additional 4356 women. 81.25% of quantitative studies, including the quantitative component of the mixed methods studies, were considered satisfactory or better regarding risk of bias. The prevalence of obstetric violence was overall 45.3% (95% CI 27.5-63.0; I

conclusionsThe results demonstrate that obstetric violence is a prevalent problem that women in high-income countries experience. Lack of information and/or consent were the domains most frequently described in the qualitative studies and the qualitative component of the mixed methods studies.

Indexed as

Developed CountriesDelivery, ObstetricFemaleHumansPregnancyPrevalenceViolencedisrespect and abuse in obstetric careobstetric violencewomen's rights

Identifiers

PMID39278647
PMCPMC11683541

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.