Trial reportThe Journal of nutrition2024
Effects of Vitamin D-3 Supplementation During Pregnancy and Lactation on Maternal and Infant Biomarkers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction, Systemic Inflammation, and Growth: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in The Journal of nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02305927 (Trial of Vitamin D in HIV Progression, Birth Outcomes, and Child Health), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trial of Vitamin D in HIV Progression, Birth Outcomes, and Child Health
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14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEnvironmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is an acquired, subclinical state of intestinal inflammation common in children and adults in low-income and middle-income countries. Although vitamin D-3 supplementation has purported anti-inflammatory properties, its ability to ameliorate biomarkers of EED remains unclear.
objectivesThis study aimed to examine the effects of maternal vitamin D-3 supplementation during pregnancy and lactation on biomarkers of EED, systemic inflammation, and growth in women living with HIV and their infants in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
methodsWe conducted subgroup analyses among randomly selected mothers (n = 720) and infants (n = 365 at 6 wk of age, and n = 266 at 6 mo of age) who participated in a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial of daily maternal 3000 IU vitamin D-3 supplementation from the second trimester of pregnancy until 1 y postpartum. Biomarkers of EED (soluble CD14 and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein), systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein and α1-acid glycoprotein), and growth factors (insulin-like growth factor 1 and fibroblast growth factor 21) were measured via the Micronutrient and Environmental Enteric Dysfunction Assessment Tool. Anti-flagellin and anti-lipopolysaccharide immunoglobulins were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Comparisons by randomized treatment arm were performed using ordinary least squares regression models with log
resultsAt 32 wk of gestation, intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (β: -0.19; P = 0.03) and α1-acid glycoprotein (β:-0.11; P = 0.04) were significantly lower in mothers in the vitamin D-3 group than those in mothers in the placebo group. At 6 wk of age, insulin-like growth factor 1 (β:-0.31; P = 0.03) was significantly lower in infants whose mothers were in the vitamin D-3 group than that in infants whose mothers were in the placebo group.
conclusionsVitamin D-3 supplementation during pregnancy and lactation reduced selected EED and systemic inflammation biomarkers among women living with HIV. While the effects of maternal vitamin D-3 supplementation do not appear to extend to infants, there may be an effect on growth factors. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02305927 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02305927).
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