Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39275847›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of heredity2025

A genome assembly for the Chryxus Arctic (Oeneis chryxus), the highest butterfly in North America.

Zachary G MacDonald, Sean Schoville, Merly Escalona, Mohan P A Marimuthu, Oanh Nguyen, Noravit Chumchim, Colin W Fairbairn, William Seligmann, Erin Toffelmier, Thomas Gillespie and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of heredity, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Zachary G MacDonaldUCLA La Kretz Center for California Conservation Science, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-7966-5712
Sean SchovilleDepartment of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-7364-434X
Merly EscalonaDepartment of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-0213-4777
Mohan P A MarimuthuDNA Technologies and Expression Analysis Core Laboratory, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-6121-3286
Oanh NguyenDNA Technologies and Expression Analysis Core Laboratory, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-1492-2084
Noravit ChumchimDNA Technologies and Expression Analysis Core Laboratory, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-1139-9427
Colin W FairbairnDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, United States.ORCID 0009-0007-8129-0095
William SeligmannDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-5762-3095
Erin ToffelmierUCLA La Kretz Center for California Conservation Science, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-6028-8497
Thomas GillespieDepartment of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-7066-0691
H Bradley ShafferUCLA La Kretz Center for California Conservation Science, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-5795-9242

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We describe a highly contiguous and complete diploid genome assembly for the Chryxus Arctic, Oeneis chryxus (E. Doubleday, [1849]), a butterfly species complex spanning much of northern and western North America. One subspecies, the Ivallda Arctic (O. c. ivallda), is endemic to California's Sierra Nevada and of particular biogeographic interest and conservation concern. Extreme alpine habitats occupied by this subspecies include the summit of Mt. Whitney, California, representing the highest elevation butterfly population in North America. The assembly presented here consists of two haplotypes, 738.92 and 770.85 Mb in length, with contig N50 values of 10.49 and 10.13 Mb, scaffold N50 values of 25.35 and 25.69 Mb, scaffold L50 values of 13 and 14, and BUSCO completeness scores of 96.5 and 98.3%, respectively. More than 97% of the assembly is organized into 29 scaffolds, which likely represent whole chromosomes. This assembly is the first major genomic resource for Oeneis, providing a foundational reference for future genomic studies on the taxonomy, evolutionary history, and conservation of the genus. As part of the California Conservation Genomics Project, we will use this assembly in conjunction with short-read resequencing to resolve patterns of evolutionary differentiation, adaptive genomic variation, and gene flow among remaining O. c. ivallda populations. These data can and will be used to inform the subspecies' conservation as warming climatic conditions continue to lead to the loss and fragmentation of alpine habitats. We also provide genome assemblies for the O. chryxus mitochondrion and a Wolbachia endosymbiont.

Indexed as

ButterfliesGenome, InsectAnimalsCaliforniaGenetics, PopulationGenomicsHaplotypesNorth AmericaalpineCalifornia Conservation Genomics ProjectCCGPconservation genomicsLepidoptera

Identifiers

PMID39275847
PMCPMC12130438

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.