ArticlePolymers2024
The Effect of Rubber-Metal Interactions on the Mechanical, Magneto-Mechanical, and Electrical Properties of Iron, Aluminum, and Hybrid Filler-Based Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Composites.
Article in Polymers, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Metallic (Al and Fe) Powder-Reinforced Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Composites for Triboelectric Energy Harvesting.Polymers · 2026Article
- Research Progress of Thermally Conductive Rubber Composites for Tire Heat Dissipation.Polymers · 2025Review
- Advances in Functional Rubber and Elastomer Composites II.Polymers · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multifunctional stretchable rubber composites are gaining attention due to their unique electrical, mechanical, and magnetic properties. However, their high production costs pose economic challenges. This study explores the use of cost-effective metal powders-iron, aluminum, and their 1:1 (vol/vol) hybrid filler-in styrene-butadiene rubber composites, varying from 10 to 20 vol%. The effects of these metal particles on the mechanical, electrical, morphological, and swelling properties were investigated. Metal particles generally act as non-reinforcing fillers but can significantly enhance the mechanical modulus, electrical, and magnetic properties based on the filler structure and the filler-rubber interactions. Iron-based composites exhibit significant electrical conductivity and excellent magnetic properties. Aluminum enhances the modulus, while the combination yields average mechanical properties with added magnetic characteristics. Iron demonstrates higher reactivity with sulfur-based crosslinking ingredients, adversely affecting the rubber matrix's crosslinks, as shown by swelling tests. This reactivity is attributed to iron's transition metal characteristics. At 20 vol%, iron-filled composites display the highest magnetic anisotropic effect on toughness (~25%) under a magnetic field by permanent magnets and excellent electrical conductivity (1.5 × 10
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