ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2024
Microdosimetric Simulation of Gold-Nanoparticle-Enhanced Radiotherapy.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Neuroprotective Effects of lncRNA EPB41L4A-AS1 Against Ischemic Stroke Injury Through Regulating Microglial State Transition and Ferroptosis via miR-214-3p/GPX4 Axis.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Oxidative Stress-Guided Gold Nanoparticles for Cancer Theranostics.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Knockdown of Transthyretin ameliorates ferroptosis in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Regulated Cell Death and Inflammatory Signaling in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2025Review
- Sodium Chloride Nanoparticles Potentiate Radiation Therapy by Disrupting Osmolarity Balance and Enhancing Antitumor Immunity.Nano letters · 2025Article
- Nanotechnology in brain cancer treatment: The role of gold nanoparticles as therapeutic enhancers.Ibrain · 2025Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Conventional X-ray therapy (XRT) is commonly applied to suppress cancerous tumors; however, it often inflicts collateral damage to nearby healthy tissue. In order to provide a better conformity of the dose distribution in the irradiated tumor, proton therapy (PT) is increasingly being used to treat solid tumors. Furthermore, radiosensitization with gold nanoparticles (GNPs) has been extensively studied to increase the therapeutic ratio. The mechanism of radiosensitization is assumed to be connected to an enhancement of the absorbed dose due to huge photoelectric cross-sections with gold. Nevertheless, numerous theoretical studies, mostly based on Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, did not provide a consistent and thorough picture of dose enhancement and, therefore, the radiosensitization effect. Radiosensitization by nanoparticles in PT is even less studied than in XRT. Therefore, we investigate the physics picture of GNP-enhanced RT using an MC simulation with Geant4 equipped with the most recent physics models, taking into account a wide range of physics processes relevant for realistic PT and XRT. Namely, we measured dose enhancement factors in the vicinity of GNP, with diameters ranging from 10 nm to 80 nm. The dose enhancement in the vicinity of GNP reaches high values for XRT, while it is very modest for PT. The macroscopic dose enhancement factors for realistic therapeutic GNP concentrations are rather low for all RT scenarios; therefore, other physico-chemical and biological mechanisms should be additionally invoked for an explanation of the radiosensitization effect observed in many experiments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.