ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2024
Anti-Cancer Potential of Isoflavone-Enriched Fraction from Traditional Thai Fermented Soybean against Hela Cervical Cancer Cells.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Food Crops (Poaceae, Solanaceae, and Fabaceae) with Anti-Cancer Nutraceutical Prospects: A Review of Plant Extracts.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Potential of Dietary Agent Daidzein in Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Opportunities and Challenges.Cancers · 2026Review
- Insights into Microbial and Metabolite Profiles in Traditional Northern Thai Fermented Soybean (Tuanao) Fermentation Through Metagenomics and Metabolomics.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Beyond Hormone Replacement: Multifaceted Effects of Phytoestrogens for Optimizing Kinesiological and Physiological Adaptations in Postmenopausal Women.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a leading cause of gynecological malignancies and cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. This study investigates the anti-cancer activity of Thua Nao, a Thai fermented soybean, against HeLa cervical carcinoma cells, and explores its underlying mechanisms. Our findings reveal that the ethyl acetate fraction of Thua Nao (TN-EA) exhibits strong anti-cancer potential against HeLa cells. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis identified genistein and daidzein as the major isoflavones in TN-EA responsible for its anti-cancer activity. TN-EA and genistein reduced cell proliferation and induced G2/M phase arrest, while daidzein induced G1 arrest. These responses were associated with the downregulation of cell cycle regulators, including Cyclin B1, cycle 25C (Cdc25C), and phosphorylated cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK-1), and the upregulation of the cell cycle inhibitor p21. Moreover, TN-EA and its active isoflavones promoted apoptosis in HeLa cells through the intrinsic pathway, evidenced by increased levels of cleaved Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and the downregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), B-cell lymphoma-extra-large (Bcl-xL), cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins 1 (cIAP), and survivin. Additionally, TN-EA and its active isoflavones effectively reduced cell invasion and migration by downregulating extracellular matrix degradation enzymes, including Membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP), urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), and reduced the levels of the mesenchymal marker N-cadherin. At the molecular level, TN-EA suppressed STAT3 activation via the regulation of JNK and Erk1/2 signaling pathways, leading to reduced proliferation and invasion of HeLa cells.
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