ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2024
Androgen Deprivation Therapy Drives a Distinct Immune Phenotype in Localized Prostate Cancer.
Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed.
- Neoadjuvant Fc-enhanced anti-CTLA-4 targets Tregs to augment androgen deprivation in high-risk prostate cancer: A randomized phase I trial.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Trial
- Targeting Siglec-engaging immunosuppressive sialoglycans to suppress prostate cancer bone metastasis.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Chrono-immunotherapy in genitourinary oncology: From emerging evidence to clinical translation (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Temporal dynamics of the immune response to neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy suggest a window of opportunity for checkpoint inhibitor therapy in prostate cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- [A multi-level study of androgen deprivation therapy on the immune microenvironment in prostate cancer].Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · 2026Article
- Molecular Mechanisms and Immune Regulation in Prostate Cancer: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- CD47 and FOXP3Cancers · 2026Review
- HLA Class I Expression Is Associated with Increased Immune Cell Density and PTEN Loss in Prostate Cancer.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2026Article
- Coupled Cell-Intrinsic and Microenvironmental Heterogeneity Drives Divergent Trajectories in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Neoadjuvant intraprostatic immunotherapy for high-risk localized prostate cancer.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- HLA class I expression shapes the tumor immune microenvironment and influences prognosis in prostate cancer.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2026Article
- An extracellular vesicle-mediated mitochondrial transfer network critical for testosterone synthesis.Nature cell biology · 2026Article
- Androgens are a Key Factor Affecting Immune Related Diseases.The world journal of men's health · 2026Review
- FOXA1 loss drives basal/squamous de-differentiation of prostate cancer and induces an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The Multifaceted Role of Androgen Receptor Signaling in Immunity: Implications for Oncology.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2026Review
- Integrative dual ctDNA 5mC/5hmC methylomics and clonal reconstruction infer tumor transcription and resistance phenotypes in metastatic prostate cancer.Research square · 2026Article
- Tumor-associated macrophages and lineage plasticity in prostate cancer: from established myeloid programs to emerging spatial hypotheses.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Single-cell and spatial omics of metabolic-immune ecosystems in prostate cancer: from androgen signaling to therapy resistance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immune modulation by sex hormones: unveiling the complex interplay and regulatory networks.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting androgen receptor signaling to enhance cancer immunotherapy.Trends in pharmacological sciences · 2025Review
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Abstract
purposeAndrogen deprivation therapy (ADT) remains the backbone of prostate cancer treatment. Beyond the suppression of testosterone and tumor cell growth, emerging evidence suggests that ADT also modulates the immune tumor microenvironment. However, a more precise understanding of the timing and intricacies of these immunologic shifts is needed. EXPERIMENTAL
designIn this study, we analyzed 49 primary prostate cancers, comparing those surgically removed either without treatment or following treatment with degarelix at 4, 7, and 14 days before surgery. Utilizing next-generation DNA and RNA sequencing and multiplexed immunofluorescence, we examined alterations in immune phenotypes in the presence or absence of ADT.
resultsOur findings reveal that ADT rapidly transforms the typically bland prostate tumor microenvironment into an inflamed environment within days. Notably, we observed an increase in activated CD8 T cells along with an increase in suppressive regulatory T cells (Treg). We also found an expansion of the myeloid compartment, particularly proinflammatory M1-like tumor-associated macrophages. Intriguingly, discernable changes which have not previously been described also occurred in tumor cells, including upregulation of antigen presentation by MHC classes I and II and, unexpectedly, a decrease in the "do not eat me" signal CD47.
conclusionsThese observations underscore the critical role of timing and disease context in order to optimize the therapeutic efficacy of immune modulators combined with androgen ablation, for which the presurgical neoadjuvant setting may be ideal. Our findings warrant future prospective validation, which is currently underway.
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