ArticleFrontiers in psychology2024
Childhood ADHD and subthreshold symptoms are associated with cognitive functioning at age 40-a cohort study on perinatal birth risks.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dimensional association between ADHD traits and gray matter volume in young adults: A voxel-based morphometry study.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2026Article
- Comparing DSM-5 Pathological Personality Traits in Youths With ADHD, Subthreshold ADHD, and Healthy Controls Using the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5): A Network Analysis Study.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Short-Form Video Media Use Is Associated With Greater Inattentive Symptoms in Thai School-Age Children: Insights From a Cross-Sectional Survey.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Subthreshold Autism and ADHD: A Brief Narrative Review for Frontline Clinicians.Pediatric reports · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: In this prospective cohort study over 40 years we investigated the effect of childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and subthreshold ADHD on cognitive performance in adulthood. Methods: The cohort comprised individuals with mild perinatal risks. Childhood ADHD group (cADHD, Results: Overall, the groups' performance differed in all cognitive domains at age 40. Verbal reasoning, perceptual skills, memory, and speed had the largest effect sizes (0.51-0.62). The cADHD group's performance was lower than the other groups' on 13 out of 21 measures. The cAP group performed poorer than controls on five measures. In the cADHD group, 23% had three or more deficient cognitive domains, compared to 4-6% in the other groups. Discussion: Childhood ADHD is associated with impaired cognitive functioning in adulthood on several cognitive domains whereas childhood subthreshold ADHD is linked to fewer cognitive deficits. Task complexity was linked to poorer performance within the ADHD group. Our results add to the scarce longitudinal evidence of cognitive outcomes related to childhood ADHD and subthreshold symptoms.
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