ArticleBMC infectious diseases2024
Clinical rebound after treatment with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in COVID-19.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- COVID-19 Rebound in Nirmatrelvir Plus Ritonavir Treatment and Control Groups: Prospective Cohort Study.Interactive journal of medical research · 2026Article
- A Case of Clinical and Viral Rebound Following Completion of a Five-Day Course of Ensitrelvir for COVID-19.Cureus · 2026Article
- Incidence of COVID-19 Symptom Rebound After Treatment with Remdesivir.Infectious disease reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NM/r) is a safe and effective oral antiviral therapeutic used for treatment of mild-to-moderate COVID-19. Case reports described a clinical rebound syndrome whereby individuals experience a relapse of symptoms shortly after completing successful treatment. There is a lack of information on frequency of COVID-19 rebound after NM/r in routine clinical care, contributing factors, and clinical outcomes.
methodsWe reviewed electronic medical records to verify COVID-19 diagnosis, symptoms, and treatment with NM/r from January-June 2022. We defined COVID-19 clinical rebound as clear improvement in symptoms followed by recurrence or worsening of symptoms within 30 days of a five-day course of NM/r.
resultsWe studied 268 adults with median age 57 (IQR 47, 68), 80% White race, 85% non-Hispanic ethnicity, 55% female, 80% vaccinated and boosted against SARS-CoV-2, and 68% with any co-morbidity. Sixteen (6.0%) of studied patients were determined to have COVID-19 clinical rebound. The median time from starting NM/r to rebound was 11 days (IQR 9, 13). Notable demographic and clinical factors with higher proportion (not statistically significant) among COVID-19 rebound patients were female sex (75% rebound vs. 54.5% no rebound), Black race (12.5% rebound vs. 4.9% no rebound), presence of at least one co-morbidity (81.3% rebound vs. 67.5% no rebound), and lack of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (100% rebound vs. 92.9% no rebound). Only one patient (6.25%) was hospitalized after COVID-19 rebound.
conclusionsCOVID-19 clinical rebound after treatment with NM/r is mild with favorable outcomes and more common than previously reported from real-world clinical care studies.
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