ArticleAnnals of hematology2024
Treatment patterns and burden of infection in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and secondary immunodeficiency: a retrospective database study.
Article in Annals of hematology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Immunoglobulin use, survival, and infection outcomes in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Blood advances · 2025Article
- Best Supportive Care for Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Relevance of Cancer Screening and Immunizations.Cancers · 2025Review
- MicroRNA changes with macro potential contribute to secondary immunodeficiency in chronic lymphocytic leukemia during epstein barr virus reactivation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Multiple Myeloma and Secondary Immunodeficiency: A Retrospective Database Analysis Assessing Burden of Infection and Treatment Patterns.Advances in hematology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) and secondary immunodeficiency disease (SID) are susceptible to severe, recurrent, or persistent infections. This retrospective cohort study assessed the burden of infection in patients with CLL/SLL with and without SID, and in immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT)-treated and -untreated patients with CLL/SLL and SID. Anonymized data from the US Optum-Humedica database (Oct-1-2015-Mar-10-2020) were used. Eligible patients aged ≥ 18 years with a confirmed CLL/SLL diagnosis were assigned to cohorts (SID or no-SID) using an algorithm based on serum IgG levels < 5.0 g/L, hypogammaglobulinemia diagnosis codes, and ≥ 1 major infection. A further sub-categorization was made based on patients with SID who received IgRT and those who did not. During 12-month follow-up, patients with CLL/SLL and SID were significantly more likely to experience infections (70.1% vs. 30.4%), including severe bacterial infections (39.8% vs. 9.2%), and infections requiring hospitalization (27.7% vs. 5.8%) than patients without SID. The use of anti-infectives and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) was also higher in the SID cohort versus the no-SID cohort. Overall survival was shorter in patients with SID than those without (12.3 vs. 16.9 months). In patients with CLL/SLL and SID, burden of infection and HCRU were greater in IgRT-treated patients than in no-IgRT patients, potentially highlighting the IgRT-treated cohort as a more vulnerable population. Increasing understanding of SID burden may help to improve outcomes in patients with CLL/SLL. Further research is needed to develop guidance for IgRT use and to assess the benefits of IgRT in this vulnerable population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.