Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39261394›Full record

ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2026

In an Imperfect World: Barriers and Facilitators to Educators' Evidence-Based Practice Use for Elementary-Aged Autistic Students in Inclusive Settings.

Shawna G Harbin, Maria L Hugh, Daina Tagavi, Alice Bravo, Mahima Joshi, Sharon Kiche, Olivia G Michael, Jill Locke

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Improving the Fit of Interventions for Autism in Schools: Lessons Learned Following Paraeducator Coaching on the RUBIES Program.Journal of educational and psychological consultation : the official journal of the Association for Educational and Psychological Consultants · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Shawna G HarbinDepartment of Human Development and Family Science, Purdue University, Hanley Hall, Room 229, 1202 Mitch Daniels Blvd, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA. sharbin@purdue.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7985-3505
Maria L HughDepartment of Special Education, University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA.
Daina TagaviDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Alice BravoCollege of Education, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Mahima JoshiDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Sharon KicheDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Olivia G MichaelDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Jill LockeDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.

Funding

Institute of Education Sciences R305B170021Institute of Education Sciences R324A200033
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Educators' use of evidence-based practices (EBP) provides positive outcomes for autistic students in multiple areas of learning (e.g., peer interactions and academic skills) and may promote access and participation in general educational settings. However, many teachers report limited use of EBPs for their autistic students, with inconsistent fidelity. This study sought to understand barriers and facilitators educators identify to implementing EBPs with autistic students in general education classrooms. To understand educators' perspectives and experiences, we conducted a qualitative study with 81 educators who serve elementary-aged autistic students in one state. In response to interview questions based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research framework, educators reported on multiple factors, including the general education environment, access to resources, training in EBPs, and professional collaboration. Implications for practice, training, and research are discussed. Specifically, we address educators' need for increased training and the availability of educator resources.

Indexed as

Autism Spectrum DisorderAutistic DisorderEvidence-Based PracticeMainstreaming, EducationSchool TeachersAdultChildFemaleHumansMaleQualitative ResearchStudentsAutismEducatorsEvidence-based practiceInclusionParaeducator

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.