ArticleArchives of women's mental health2025
Antenatal depression and drug use among deaf and hard-of-hearing birthing parents: results from a U.S. National Survey.
Article in Archives of women's mental health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to investigate antenatal depression and drug use among deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) birthing parents who use American Sign Language (ASL), spoken English, or bilingually both ASL and English.
methodsDHH participants in the United States responded to the Survey on Pregnancy Experiences of Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Women. Respondents self-reported their antenatal depression diagnoses and drug use (i.e., pain relievers, cannabis, or illicit drugs) during their last pregnancy. Poisson regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios, adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, and parity.
resultsThe average age of respondents (n = 587) was 35 years. Respondents were predominantly non-Hispanic white (80%), college educated (60%), and married (74%). Relative to DHH English-speakers, DHH ASL-users had lower prevalence of reporting antenatal depression diagnosis (aPR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.23 to 0.72). DHH people who reported antenatal depression diagnosis had higher prevalence of reporting antenatal drug use (PR = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.65 to 3.33). There were no significant associations between preferred language and antenatal drug use.
conclusionsDHH ASL-users are less likely to report receiving an antenatal depression diagnosis compared to DHH English-speakers. Given well-documented patient-provider communication barriers among DHH ASL-users, it is unclear if the lower prevalence observed in this study is the result of inadequate or inaccessible screening during pregnancy. Future work should consider universal use of linguistically appropriate screening tools for DHH birthing parents in both clinical and research settings.
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