ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2024
Causal Associations of Sleep Apnea With Alzheimer Disease and Cardiovascular Disease: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Associations between obstructive sleep apnea and Alzheimer's disease-related biomarkers (amyloid-β and tau) in blood and cerebrospinal fluid: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Evaluating the Bidirectional Causal Effects of Alzheimer's Disease Across Multiple Conditions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mendelian Randomization Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- The promise and peril of data-driven approaches: interpreting the association of insomnia, sleep apnea, and COMISA with mortality in US veterans.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026Article
- Sleep Abnormalities and Risk of Alzheimer's Disease.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Research Examining the Causal Association Between Ischemic Stroke and Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Multi-dimensional sleep health and dementia risk: a prospective study in the UK Biobank.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization to Elucidate the Relationship Between Healthy Sleep, Brains, and Hearts.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Nasal lymphatic obstruction of CSF drainage as a possible cause of Alzheimer's disease and dementia.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundSleep apnea (SA) has been linked to an increased risk of dementia in numerous observational studies; whether this is driven by neurodegenerative, vascular, or other mechanisms is not clear. We sought to examine the bidirectional causal relationships between SA, Alzheimer disease (AD), coronary artery disease (CAD), and ischemic stroke using Mendelian randomization. METHODS AND
resultsUsing summary statistics from 4 recent, large genome-wide association studies of SA (n=523 366), AD (n=94 437), CAD (n=1 165 690), and stroke (n=1 308 460), we conducted bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization analyses. Our primary analytic method was fixed-effects inverse variance-weighted (IVW) Mendelian randomization; diagnostics tests and sensitivity analyses were conducted to verify the robustness of the results. We identified a significant causal effect of SA on the risk of CAD (odds ratio [OR
conclusionsThese results suggest that SA increased the risk of CAD, and the identified causal association with stroke risk may be confounded by body mass index. Moreover, no causal effect of SA on AD risk was found. Future studies are warranted to investigate cardiovascular pathways between sleep disorders, including SA, and dementia.
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