ReviewJournal of pharmaceutical policy and practice2024
Unused medicine take-back programmes: a systematic review.
Review in Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ecopharmacovigilance and Drug Disposal: A Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Among Veterinary Healthcare Providers in and Around Gondar City, Ethiopia.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Article
- Behaviour change intervention for inhaler disposal, Spain.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2026Article
- Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding the Disposal of Unused and Expired Medicines in Romania During the Early Implementation of the 2023 Hospital-Based Collection Framework.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A University-Led Take-Back Program for Pharmaceutical Waste Management: Eleven Years of Real-World Evidence on Medication Non-Use and Disposal Patterns.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- From Policy to Practice: Community Pharmacists' Self-Reported Counseling Role in Pharmaceutical Waste Management.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Economic burden and patient-related determinants of medication waste in Saudi Arabia: evaluating re-dispensing initiatives for resource optimization.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Views, Barriers and Facilitators of Policymakers, Pharmacists and Community Health Representative in Managing Unused Medicine in a Socioeconomically Diverse District in Indonesia.F1000Research · 2026Article
- β-Blockers in the Environment: Challenges in Understanding Their Persistence and Ecological Impact.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Prevention and Management of Opioid use Disorder and Overdose in Adolescents and Young Adults.Current psychiatry reports · 2025Review
- Knowledge and Practices on Household Disposal of Unused Antimicrobials in Ho Municipality, Ghana.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Medication Disposal Practices, Awareness, and Medication Adherence Among Patients with Chronic Conditions: Implications for Public Health.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Improper disposal of unused medicine can impact the environment causing significant healthcare and financial burdens. While the medicine take-back programme is an effective management strategy, its effectiveness differs across countries. This study aimed to systematically review the take-back programmes in various countries and to identify areas needing improvement for programme enhancement. Methods: We conducted searches in Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, from database inception to June 2023. Results: The review included 27 studies spanning 15 countries' medicine take-back programmes. While some programmes, mostly observed in the USA, were conducted at the local level with non-health-associated facilities, others were done at the national level within healthcare facilities. The cost of collected medicines ranged from US$7,416 to US$1,118,020, primarily involving medicines related to the nervous system, cardiovascular system, alimentary tract, and metabolism. Legislations pertaining to these programmes were available in the USA, most European countries, and Mexico, but unavailable in Spain, Austria, Australia, and New Zealand. However, despite this, the government or the industry in these countries managed the programmes. Conclusion: Well-structured take-back programmes featuring easily accessible collection points, regular collection schedules, clear programme ownership, with legislation defining financial responsibilities, showed positive outcomes.
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Registered trials
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