ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2024
Gender differences in the association between education and late-life cognitive function in the LifeAfter90 Study: A multiethnic cohort of the oldest-old.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Is grip strength a marker for cognitive function, neurodegeneration, and resilience?GeroScience · 2026Article
- Midlife hypertension and late-life cognition: weighting the LifeAfter90 study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- The Link Between Physical Fitness and Cognitive Function in Vulnerable Low-Income Older Adults from Amazonas, Brazil.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Cognitive performance among diverse Asian American subgroups: exploring the role of nativity, language, and education.NPJ dementia · 2026Article
- Analysis of disparate factors affecting cognitive function among populations with different educational levels: a large-scale longitudinal study.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Age at immigration and cognitive aging in those with exceptional longevity, does timing matter? The LifeAfter90 Study.Alzheimer's & dementia. Behavior & socioeconomics of aging · 2025Article
- Observational
- Associations between internet use, social participation, and cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults.Npj mental health research · 2025Article
- Depressive symptoms are associated with hippocampal volume in the oldest-old: The LifeAfter90 study.Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging · 2025Article
- Driving research on successful aging and neuroprotection in Latin America: Insights from the inaugural symposium on brain resilience and healthy longevity.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Review
- Gender differences in the association between education and late-life cognitive function in the LifeAfter90 Study: A multiethnic cohort of the oldest-old.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionFew studies have examined the relationship between education and cognition among the oldest-old.
methodsCognitive assessments were conducted biannually for 803 participants (62.6% women) of LifeAfter90, a longitudinal study of individuals ≥ 90 years old. Gender differences in associations between education (< high school, high school, some college, and ≥ college) and cognition (verbal episodic memory, semantic memory, and executive function) were examined at baseline and longitudinally using linear mixed models.
resultsHigher education levels were associated with better cognitive performance at baseline for both men and women. College completion was more strongly associated with better baseline executive function among women. Education-cognition associations for baseline verbal episodic memory and baseline semantic memory did not differ by gender. Education was not associated with a decline in any domain-specific cognitive scores, regardless of gender. DISCUSSION: Education is associated with cognitive function among the oldest-old and varies by gender and cognitive domain at baseline but not over time. HIGHLIGHTS: In the oldest-old, higher education was associated with better cognitive function. College completion was more strongly associated with executive function in women. Education was not associated with cognitive decline after age 90 regardless of gender. Improving education could decrease gaps in cognitive level among older individuals.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.