ArticleNutrition journal2024
Sex-specific associations between total and regional Fat-to-muscle Mass ratio and cardiometabolic risk: findings from the China National Health Survey.
Article in Nutrition journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Rethinking Biva in obesity: systematic vector displacement across the adiposity spectrum.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
- 3D Body Scanning-Derived Normative Values of Appendicular Circumferences: A Novel Tool for Sarcopenia Screening in Chinese Adults.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2025Article
- Body Muscle-to-Fat Ratio (BMFR) as a Promising Anthropometric Index for Use in the Evaluation of Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Disease Risk: a Narrative Review.Current obesity reports · 2025Review
- Total and regional fat-to-muscle mass ratio and risks of pan-cancer: a prospective cohort study.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Association with Fat-to-Muscle Ratio in Ethnic Minority Areas of Southern China: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of general medicine · 2025Article
- Associations Between Total and Regional Fat-to-Muscle Mass Ratio with the Prevalence of Infertility: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe fat-to-muscle mass ratio (FMR), integrating the antagonistic effects of fat and muscle mass, has been suggested as a valuable indicator to assess cardiometabolic health independent of overall adiposity. However, the specific associations of total and regional FMR with cardiometabolic risk are poorly understood. We aimed to examine sex-specific associations of total and regional FMR with single and clustered cardiometabolic risk factors (CRFs).
methods13,505 participants aged 20 years and above were included in the cross-sectional study. Fat mass and muscle mass were assessed using a bioelectrical impedance analysis device. FMR was estimated as fat mass divided by muscle mass in corresponding body parts (whole body, arm, leg, and trunk). Clustered CRFs was defined as the presence of two or more risk factors, including hypertension, elevated blood glucose, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance (IR), and hyperuricemia. IR was assessed by the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to explore the associations of FMR in the whole body and body parts with single and clustered CRFs.
resultsThe odds ratios (ORs) increased significantly for all single and clustered CRFs with the per quartile increase of total and regional FMR in both sexes (P for trend < 0.001), following adjustment for confounders. Among the regional parts, FMRs of the legs presented the strongest associations for clustered CRFs in both men and women, with adjusted OR of 8.54 (95% confidence interval (CI): 7.12-10.24) and 4.92 (95% CI: 4.24-5.71), respectively. Significant interactions (P for interaction < 0.05) were identified between age and FMRs across different body parts, as well as between BMI status and FMRs in different regions for clustered CRFs. Restricted cubic splines revealed significant non-linear relationships between FMRs of different body parts and clustered CRFs in both sexes (P for nonlinear < 0.05).
conclusionsFMRs in the whole body and different regions were significantly associated with single and clustered CRFs in the general Chinese population. The association between FMR and clustered CRFs was more pronounced in youngers than in the elderly.
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