ArticleBMC infectious diseases2024
The association between HIV-1 Tat and Vif amino acid sequence variation, inflammation and Trp-Kyn metabolism: an exploratory investigation.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exploratory Cohort Study of Depressive Symptoms in South Africans with HIV-1 Subtype C: Associations with Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites and Inflammatory Markers.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- Retrospective Observational Study of CSF-Derived HIV-1 Tat and Vpr Amino Acid Sequences in a South African Pediatric Cohort with HIV Subtype C.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Observational
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundHIV-1 has well-established mechanisms to disrupt essential pathways in people with HIV, such as inflammation and metabolism. Moreover, diversity of the amino acid sequences in fundamental HIV-1 proteins including Tat and Vif, have been linked to dysregulating these pathways, and subsequently influencing clinical outcomes in people with HIV. However, the relationship between Tat and Vif amino acid sequence variation and specific immune markers and metabolites of the tryptophan-kynurenine (Trp-Kyn) pathway remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between Tat/Vif amino acid sequence diversity and Trp-Kyn metabolites (quinolinic acid (QUIN), Trp, kynurenic acid (KA), Kyn and Trp/Kyn ratio), as well as specific immune markers (sCD163, suPAR, IL-6, NGAL and hsCRP) in n = 67 South African cART-naïve people with HIV.
methodsSanger sequencing was used to determine blood-derived Tat/Vif amino acid sequence diversity. To measure Trp-Kyn metabolites, a LC-MS/MS metabolomics platform was employed using a targeted approach. To measure immune markers, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and the Particle-enhanced turbidimetric assay was used.
resultsAfter adjusting for covariates, sCD163 (p = 0.042) and KA (p = 0.031) were higher in participants with Tat signatures N24 and R57, respectively, and amino acid variation at position 24 (adj R
conclusionsThese preliminary findings suggest that amino acid variation in Tat may have an influence on underlying pathogenic HIV-1 mechanisms and therefore, this line of work merits further investigation.
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