Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39251609›Full record

ArticleMicrosystems & nanoengineering2024

Sustainability inspired fabrication of next generation neurostimulation and cardiac rhythm management electrodes via reactive hierarchical surface restructuring.

Shahram Amini, Hongbin Choi, Wesley Seche, Alexander Blagojevic, Nicholas May, Benjamin M Lefler, Skyler L Davis, Sahar Elyahoodayan, Pouya Tavousi, Steven J May and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Microsystems & nanoengineering, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Shahram AminiResearch and Development, Pulse Technologies Inc., Quakertown, PA, USA. samini@pulsetechnologies.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3363-5884
Hongbin ChoiBiomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
Wesley SecheResearch and Development, Pulse Technologies Inc., Quakertown, PA, USA.
Alexander BlagojevicBiomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
Nicholas MayBiomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
Benjamin M LeflerDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Skyler L DavisDepartment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA.
Sahar ElyahoodayanDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Pouya TavousiBiomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
Steven J MayDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Gregory A CaputoDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA.
Terry C LoweDepartment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9288-1076
Jeffrey HettingerDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA.
Sina ShahbazmohamadiBiomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7268-5999

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Over the last two decades, platinum group metals (PGMs) and their alloys have dominated as the materials of choice for electrodes in long-term implantable neurostimulation and cardiac rhythm management devices due to their superior conductivity, mechanical and chemical stability, biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, radiopacity, and electrochemical performance. Despite these benefits, PGM manufacturing processes are extremely costly, complex, and challenging with potential health hazards. Additionally, the volatility in PGM prices and their high supply risk, combined with their scarce concentration of approximately 0.01 ppm in the earth's upper crust and limited mining geographical areas, underscores their classification as critical raw materials, thus, their effective recovery or substitution worldwide is of paramount importance. Since postmortem recovery from deceased patients and/or refining of PGMs that are used in the manufacturing of the electrodes and microelectrode arrays is extremely rare, challenging, and highly costly, therefore, substitution of PGM-based electrodes with other biocompatible materials that can yield electrochemical performance values equal or greater than PGMs is the only viable and sustainable solution to reduce and ultimately substitute the use of PGMs in long-term implantable neurostimulation and cardiac rhythm management devices. In this article, we demonstrate for the first time how the novel technique of "reactive hierarchical surface restructuring" can be utilized on titanium-that is widely used in many non-stimulation medical device and implant applications-to manufacture biocompatible, low-cost, sustainable, and high-performing neurostimulation and cardiac rhythm management electrodes. We have shown how the surface of titanium electrodes with extremely poor electrochemical performance undergoes compositional and topographical transformations that result in electrodes with outstanding electrochemical performance.

Identifiers

PMID39251609
PMCPMC11384795

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.