Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39251574›Full record

ArticleNature communications2024

Thermodynamics-inspired explanations of artificial intelligence.

Shams Mehdi, Pratyush Tiwary

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Intelligent Computing for Future Layered Cathodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. ZENN: A thermodynamics-inspired computational framework for heterogeneous data-driven modeling.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  6. Enhanced Sampling and Free Energy Calculations in Protein Simulations.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. AlphaFold2's training set powers its predictions of some fold-switched conformations.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025
    Article
  11. SENSITIVITY BASED MODEL AGNOSTIC SCALABLE EXPLANATIONS OF DEEP LEARNING.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Shams MehdiBiophysics Program and Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, 20742, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4078-7501
Pratyush TiwaryDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, 20742, USA. ptiwary@umd.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-2412-6922

Funding

National Science Foundation (NSF) CHE-2044165
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In recent years, predictive machine learning models have gained prominence across various scientific domains. However, their black-box nature necessitates establishing trust in them before accepting their predictions as accurate. One promising strategy involves employing explanation techniques that elucidate the rationale behind a model's predictions in a way that humans can understand. However, assessing the degree of human interpretability of these explanations is a nontrivial challenge. In this work, we introduce interpretation entropy as a universal solution for evaluating the human interpretability of any linear model. Using this concept and drawing inspiration from classical thermodynamics, we present Thermodynamics-inspired Explainable Representations of AI and other black-box Paradigms, a method for generating optimally human-interpretable explanations in a model-agnostic manner. We demonstrate the wide-ranging applicability of this method by explaining predictions from various black-box model architectures across diverse domains, including molecular simulations, text, and image classification.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceMachine LearningThermodynamicsAlgorithmsEntropyHumans

Identifiers

PMID39251574
PMCPMC11385982

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.